Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Medicine and health sciences

Listening Comprehension

1. Jane is going to the dentist.
2. Jane can't stay with Katie because she is going to meet a friend.
3. Jane is going to read a book for Katie.
4. Bill asks Rita to call the doctor's office.
5. The doctor's telephone number is on the calendar.

Reading Comprehension

1. You shouldn't discover that your passport has expired just at the airport ticket counter.
2. The normal time to get your driver's license renewed is possibly in two months.
3. Kennels require a maximum of two weeks to make arrangements.
4. You should try to leave your home for several days.

Situational Dialogues

1. Situation 1

   Luke and Dave are checking lamps.

   Dave: Look at those lamps! They are beautiful.

   Luke: Which ones?

2. Situation 2

   Stephanie is going camping. She asks Tom for advice.

   Stephanie:

Airport Check-in Process

Navigating the airport is straightforward with these steps:

1. First, locate the check-in desk.
2. Next, check in your luggage and receive your boarding pass.
3. Proceed through passport control and head to the departure lounge.
4. After checking your gate number, proceed to your assigned gate.
5. Finally, board the plane.

Travel Communication

Meeting Reschedule: Important Update

Subject: Meeting Reschedule Request - Airport Strikes

Hi both,

Really sorry, but I'm afraid I'm going to have to reschedule our meeting. There are strikes at the airport on Tuesday, starting at 10:00 AM. I'm arriving at 9:00 AM, so I can reach Warsaw but not continue to Katowice.

Perhaps we could try taking the train and meeting later on Tuesday? Alternatively, Thursday...

Past Habits and Repeated Actions

• Would (always/never) + base form: He would never say he was too tired.
• (Always/never) used to + base form: My dad always used to throw a softball for me.
• Be + always + -ing verb: My little sister was always sneaking into my room.

Expressing Wishes and Desired Changes

Subject + wish + subject + would + verb: Use wish + would for behavior that a person can actively change. Do not use this for facts or states. Example: "I wish I wouldn't wear a uniform."

Stative vs. Dynamic Verbs

• Stative verbs: These mean having an opinion or mental state (e.g., believe, feel, know, like).
• Non-stative verbs: These mean having a plan or action.
• Categories: Senses (look, hear, seem, sound), Communication (agree, deny, mean, promise, prefer)

English Vocabulary and Word Formation

1. Suffixes and Word Endings

• Approval
• Owner
• Careful
• Buyer
• Removal
• Motherhood
• Neighbourhood
• Dreadful
• Pusher

2. Compound Adjectives and Descriptions

• De ojos azules: blue-eyed
• Tuerto: one-eyed man
• De mediana edad: middle-aged
• De mente abierta: open-minded
• Descalzo: barefooted
• De pelo largo: long-haired
• De buen corazón: good-hearted
• Tacaño: tight-fisted
• De buenos modales: well-mannered
• De piernas largas: long-legged
• Apasionado: hot-blooded
• De pelo rizado: curly-haired

3. Preposition Usage

1. on
2. at
3. at
4. in
5. in
6. in
7. in

Advanced English Grammar Practice

Passive Voice with Modals (Exercise 2)

1. Shopping has to be done the weekend before.
2. The snacks ought to be made in the morning.
3. The refreshments have to be put in the fridge.
4. Napkins and toothpicks may be

Why Inform a Patient of Their Diagnosis?

Why is there a tendency to inform the patient of their diagnosis? To settle outstanding issues that can be reconciled with certain persons and to take advantage of the rest of their life.

Stages of Acceptance of Death

Stages of acceptance of death: Denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance.

What Serves as the Negation of Illness?

What serves as the negation of illness? It is a defense mechanism to give time and to assimilate the new situation.

What Negotiations May Have a Religious Character?

What negotiations may have a religious character? Religious (rites, vows, sacrifices), magic (healers), or supernatural force.

Behaviors in the Terminal Phase of Depression

What behaviors occur in the patient

Digestive Tract Signs and Symptoms

Digestive Tract (Signs/Symptoms): Odynophagia / dysphagia, indigestion / aerophagia / bloating / heartburn, nausea / vomiting, constipation / diarrhea, melenas / rectal bleeding, jaundice / hepatomegaly / splenomegaly, ascites.

Nephrourological Pathology Findings

Pathology Nephrourological: >150 mg/day proteinuria, >3.5 g/day massive proteinuria, hematuria, azotemia, oliguria / anuria, polyuria, nocturia / dysuria, incontinence / wetting, hydro-electrolytic / acid-base problems.

Hormone Classification

Hormones: Polypeptides (hypothalamic, pituitary, insulin, glucagon), steroids (adrenal / sexual), amines / tyrosine derivatives (thyroid and NT).

• Adenohypophysis: Growth Hormone (H. crecimiento), prolactin, melanocyte-

Questionnaire 3

1. Definition of a Safety Inspection

A detailed examination of working conditions to detect risks of accidents caused by unsafe practices, hazardous conditions, or dangerous materials.

2. Key Concepts

• Dangerous Material Condition: Risks associated with facilities and machinery.
• Unsafe Practice: Actions taken by people operating machines or facilities.

3. Data Required for Industrial Accident Classification

To ensure effective prevention, we must identify who, what, how, and why an accident occurred.

Regarding the Injured Person:

• Staff qualification
• Seniority in the workplace
• Duration of injury
• Age

Regarding the Accident:

• Cause of the accident
• Part of the material agent involved

4. Statistical Indices for Accident Reporting

• Incidence Index (II)

Understanding Alcohol and Drugs

What Are Drugs?

The World Health Organization defines drugs as any substance which, when introduced into the organism, may modify one or more of its features. These substances are capable of generating dependence, leading to behavioral changes and other responses that encourage taking the substance or substances in a sustained manner.

Classification and Effects of Drugs

1. Legal Drugs

Legal drugs are those that are permitted by the government. Due to their full availability and high social acceptance, they are what cause most diseases, some of which result in great economic and social costs. They include:

• Tobacco (Snuff): Obtained from a plant called Nicotiana tabacum.
• Xanthines: Both are stimulants of the Central Nervous

Understanding Pronouns: Function and Classification

Pronouns are non-descriptive words that substitute for nouns or noun phrases, often carrying occasional significance. They are typically categorized into two main groups based on their function.

Group 1: Reference Pronouns (Personal, Possessive, Demonstrative)

Personal Pronouns

Personal pronouns refer to the persons involved in communication: the transmitter (1st person), the receptor (2nd person), and the world referred to by both (3rd person).

These pronouns change form based on their syntactic function:

• 1st Person (Speaker):
  • Subject: I, We
  • Object: Me, Us
  • Term/Circumstantial Function: Me, Us
• 2nd Person (Listener):
  • Subject: You
  • Object: You
  • Term/Syntactic Function: You
• 3rd Person (Referenced):
  • Subject: He,