Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and exercises for History for Baccalaureate

Blue Stage

In August 1939, the first government was formed after Franco's victory, which clearly appreciated the fascist orientation with a clear predominance of the Falange. In fact, the Franco dictatorship only formally adopted the model. The single party never came to dominate the state; rather, the opposite occurred. Franco agreed to institutionalize the fascist dictatorship on the condition that it limited his power as leader.

Fascism was abandoned to the extent that the Second World War changed course, and the defeat of the Axis powers became inevitable.

Anti-fascism was replaced by Nacionalcatolicismo, which connected with old anti-parliamentary, anti-Catholic liberal assumptions (ACNP).

Franco's power was made possible by a series of contributing...

Classification of Prayers

Main

Those propositions which are not introduced by a conjunction or link and have the verb in the indicative.

Juxtaposed

They are made by a comma (,) or semicolon (;) and have no conjunction, and the main clause has already been stated.

Coordinates

They can be:

• Copulative: Links: y, e, or que.
• Dilemma: Nexus: o, u, and, well, that is, pray.
• Adversative: Links: but, but, however, but, however, but nevertheless, but ... that, but.
• Distributive: Links: o. .. . O, u. .. u, and ... and, well .. well, whatever ... . That is, now .... now, - (These are repeats of the disjunctive).
• Explanatory: Nexus: that is, that is, that is.

Subordinated

Can be:

Adverbial Subordinate

• Temporary: Nexus: when, before, after, while, provided that, as soon

The Tardofranquismo and Developmentalism (1953-1973)

The Francoist regime can be divided into two stages separated by the year 1973, when a rapid political and economic crisis began. This period is often referred to as the golden years of Franco and development, as it experienced rapid, albeit uneven, economic growth that totally transformed Spanish society and increased political opposition. Politically, this period was characterized by institutional stagnation and repression, which contrasted sharply with the rapid economic and social changes taking place in Spain.

Political Activity

The regime adopted a more modern appearance to ensure its continuity, with the influence of technocrats steadily increasing. Key developments included:

• Organic Law

prim.Rep is proclaimed the Republic on February 11, 1873. At this time, will have an important socio-political change is the abandonment of the Democrats and the growing power of the Republican party. Thus the civil power had assumed the power that the military and the Church. In addition, it enhances the federalist idea that emerges is cantonalism and the division of powers within the Republican world, between Republicans and most Democrats evolutionary. The process of the Republic is divided into:

1.Denuncia of Amadeus of Savoy. 2.Se produces a vacuum of power that causes a crisis in society and the economy. 3.Crisis at Hacienda enhanced by the Carlist War, in turn, leads to the development of moderate line of the army and there is an agricultural...

Item 6: The First World War

The Quick War: 1914

Germany quickly took the initiative in the war to implement its plan of attack, the Schlieffen Plan. The Schlieffen Plan was to throw the army into France through two neutral countries (Belgium and Luxembourg), thus avoiding the iron French defenses along the common border, and could surprise the French army. Meanwhile, the Austro-Hungarian and German side would slow the Russians, taking advantage of the expected slow mobilization. Once France was defeated, all German forces would be launched on Russia, attacking first the Western Front and then the East.

But something went wrong with this plan. In the first phase of the campaign against France, the Allies managed to retreat in a certain order. And...

Spain's Revolutionary Six Years (1868-1874)

The Revolution of 1868

Following the Pact of Ostend between Democrats, progressive and liberal Republicans, and the Union, a coup led by Serrano, Prim, and Topete took place. This uprising delivered weapons to organized groups on local boards created by political parties. The causes of the revolution can be grouped into two categories:

• Economic: Deterioration of the economy since 1864 with bankrupt railroad companies, a struggling textile industry, rising unemployment, state bankruptcy, and two bad harvests.
• Political: The Queen had been siding with the moderates and unionists. The rest of the population did not trust the Elizabethan cause, which was harshly repressing to maintain order.

The Provisional

Tsarist Russia and the Road to Revolution (1900-1917)

The Structure of Tsarist Russia

The Empire of Nicholas II

In the early twentieth century, Russia was a vast multinational empire that stretched from the Baltic Sea to China and the Pacific. The Russians constituted the largest ethnic group, though they were less than 40% of the total population. The Russian administration imposed a policy of Russification on a mosaic of very different peoples, enforcing the Russian language and the Orthodox religion.

The various ethnic groups located throughout the Empire were united only under the authority of the emperor, Nicholas II (Tsar of all Russia from 1894), and the ruling Romanov dynasty, which had governed since the seventeenth century.

Economic and

**Development of the Spanish War of Independence**

The French occupation, along with other circumstances, caused a popular uprising in the streets of Madrid, brutally repressed by the French. This episode marked the beginning of the War of Independence.

Coronation of José I and the Bayonne Assembly

To prevent further revolts, Joachim Murat persuaded the Council of Castile, Madrid City Council, and the Governing Board to support the coronation of the new monarch, José I, brother of Napoleon. Thus, an assembly was convened in Bayonne for José I to take his oath as king and to make proposals for a charter (a granted charter), drawn up by Napoleon. This charter stated that the executive power would be in the hands of the king. Moreover, it declared...

European Liberal Revolutions: 1820-1848

The Revolutions of 1820 and 1830

During the Restoration period, Liberals often operated in secret societies, with the Masons being the largest and most influential group. These societies saw themselves as heirs to the ideals of the Enlightenment and the French Revolution, advocating for insurrection against absolutism.

The revolutionary wave between 1820 and 1824 saw initial victories in Spain, Portugal, Naples, and Piedmont, ushering in a brief liberal period. However, these movements were ultimately suffocated by absolutist forces. In Spain and the Italian states, this suppression involved the direct intervention of the Holy Alliance in 1823. Many Liberals were executed, while others were forced into exile....

Cánovas and the Constitution of 1876

Cánovas was instrumental to the Constitution of 1876. Even during the Revolutionary Sexenio, Cánovas had bet on the idea of the Restoration of the Bourbon monarchy in the person of Alfonso XII, son of Isabel II. He admired the way in which the British had managed to introduce a new liberal monarchy, bourgeois, bipartisan, which shared power with Parliament. He managed to create a similar model in Spain after the adoption of the Constitution of 1876 and consolidated the two-party system.

From January 1875 until the adoption of the Constitution of 1876, Cánovas had the dual mission of chairing the first government of King Alfonso XII and preparing to implement the new constitution that would bring all ideological...