Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and exercises for English for Secondary education

Copulative and Predicative Sentences

A copulative sentence is one that has a copula (be, or appear to be). Its predicate is nominal, and its complement is an attribute. Example: Luis looks beautiful.

A predicative sentence is one that has a predicative verb. Its predicate is verbal, and it has a predicative complement. Example: Marta eats too fast.

Active and Passive Sentences

Active sentences are those sentences that predicate a verb in the active voice and have an acting subject.

Passive sentences are those that predicate a verb in the passive voice and have a patient subject.

Reflexive passive sentences are those sentences that have a patient subject and a verb in the active voice (they still have a verb in the third person and are preceded by...

Honey, Honey Lyrics (Mamma Mia!)

Honey, Honey, how he thrills me, a-ha, Honey, Honey.
Honey, Honey, nearly kills me, a-ha, Honey, Honey.
I've heard about him before,
I wanted to know some more.
And now I know what they mean, he's a love machine.
Oh, he makes me dizzy.

Ali: A love machine?

Sophie: That's nothing!

Honey, Honey, let me feel it, a-ha, Honey, Honey.
Honey, Honey, don't conceal it, a-ha, Honey, Honey.
The way that you kiss goodnight,
(The way that you hold me tight)
I feel like I wanna sing when you do your thing!

Honey, Honey, touch me, baby, a-ha, Honey, Honey.
Honey, Honey, hold me, baby, a-ha, Honey, Honey.
You look like a movie star,
But I know just who you are.
And, honey, to say the least,
You're a doggone beast!

Under Attack Lyrics

Mystery thriller = star = star producer = producer

Character screen = screen = back = back row row

Front row front row =

Past simple - To Be

Affirmative negative wh-question questions

• I Was ill yesterday. I wasn't ill yesterday Yesterday Was she ill? Where was she ..?
• We Were You Were not at home at home at home They Were Where Were You yesterday. Yesterday. Yesterday? Yesterday?

Past simple - regular and irregular verbs

Affirmative negative short answer questions

• I acted in the film. That I did not like film. Did you watch a film? Yes, I did.
• I saw the film. He Did not see the film. Did you see the film. No, We Did

Prepositions of time

• On Friday in 2004 at 8 o'clock

Mystery thriller = star = star producer = producer

Character screen = screen = back = back

English Irregular Verbs

Simple Past and Past Participle Tenses

Common Irregular Verbs in English

A Comprehensive List

1. be (ser o estar): was/were, been
2. beat (golpear): beat, beaten
3. become (llegar a ser): became, become
4. begin (empezar): began, begun
5. bend (doblar): bent, bent
6. bet (apostar): bet, bet
7. bite (morder): bit, bitten
8. bleed (sangrar): bled, bled
9. blow (soplar): blew, blown
10. break (romper): broke, broken
11. bring (traer): brought, brought
12. build (construir): built, built
13. burn (quemar): burned/burnt, burned/burnt
14. buy (comprar): bought, bought
15. catch (coger): caught, caught
16. choose (escoger): chose, chosen
17. come (venir): came, come
18. cost (costar): cost, cost
19. cut (cortar): cut, cut
20. dig (escavar): dug, dug
21. do (hacer): did, done
22. draw (dibujar): drew, drawn
23. dream (soñar): dreamt/dreamed, dreamt/dreamed
24. drink (beber): drank, drunk
25. drive (conducir)

On a rainy evening in London, Dr. John Watson, a former army surgeon, sought refuge in a quiet café. As he settled at a corner table, he noticed a man at a nearby table engrossed in a newspaper, jotting notes in the margins. This man, Sherlock Holmes, was a consulting detective known among a select few for his extraordinary skills of deduction. As he glanced up, his eyes met Watson's gaze.

A Chance Encounter

"I didn’t mean to stare," Watson began politely, "but you seem deeply absorbed. Is there something particularly intriguing in the news?"

Holmes looked at him, assessing him quickly. "Intriguing, yes. But you, sir, are not here simply to read the paper. Judging by that cane and your cautious manner, I’d say you’re recently discharged...

3 & 4 — Zero Conditional

Structure: if + present simple, present simple

Example: If you mix blue and yellow, you get green.

First Conditional

Structure: if + present simple, will + infinitive (without to)

Example: She'll be very happy if you phone her.

Second Conditional

Structure: if + past simple, would + infinitive (without to)

Example: If I knew the answer to number six, I would tell you.

Third Conditional

Structure: if + past perfect, would/might have + past participle

Example: If we hadn't taken a map, we would have got lost.

Mixed Conditional

Structure: if + past perfect, would/might + infinitive (without to)

5 — Illness Vocabulary

Illnesses and injuries:

• nosebleed
• heart attack
• tooth decay
• stomach ache
• blood pressure
• ear infection
• black eye
• sore throat
• stiff

1º Future possibility / if + pres Simp / Future simple - imperative / I’ll be late if I don't’ hurry - If you are tired go to bed - You can have a sandwich if you want something to eat.

2º Imaginary or hypothetical situation in the present or future - Giving advice. / If + Past Simp / Would + base form - could ¬ might + base form / If he tried harder, he would do better at school - If he won the lottery, we could buy a car. - If I were you, I would invite Tom to the party.

3º Situation in the past which is over and cannot be changed / If + Past Perfect Simple / Would + have + Past participle - Could ¬ might + have + past participle / If I had woken up on time, I wouldn't have been late for school. - We might have visited you if we had

Common English Verbs: Forms and Translations

This table lists common English verbs, their simple present form, past tense, past participle, and Spanish translation. Mastering these verb forms is crucial for effective communication in English.