Copulative, Predicative, Active, and Passive Sentences

Copulative and Predicative Sentences

A copulative sentence is one that has a copula (be, or appear to be). Its predicate is nominal, and its complement is an attribute. Example: Luis looks beautiful.

A predicative sentence is one that has a predicative verb. Its predicate is verbal, and it has a predicative complement. Example: Marta eats too fast.

Active and Passive Sentences

Active sentences are those sentences that predicate a verb in the active voice and have an acting subject.

Passive sentences are those that predicate a verb in the passive voice and have a patient subject.

Reflexive passive sentences are those sentences that have a patient subject and a verb in the active voice (they still have a verb in the third person and are preceded by 'is').

Stanza Forms

A stanza is a set of two or more lines interconnected by the rhythm achieved through the number of syllables, accents, and rhyme.

Within a stanza, rhyming verses are denoted by the same letter, lowercase if minor art and uppercase if it's high art. The number of syllables each line has is also indicated.

Common Stanza Forms

• Couplet: Two lines that rhyme with each other. Usually, it is a consonant rhyme. The art may be higher or lower.
• Trio: These are verses of art greater than the first consonant rhyme in the third, and the second is loose.
• Quartet: Four major art verses that rhyme in a consonant.
• Redondilla: Stanza of minor art for the quartet.
• Serventesio: There are four major art verses that rhyme in a consonant.
• Quatrain: A minor art stanza rhyming consonants, as well as in the Serventesio.
• Streak: They are four lines of minor art. Odd heptasyllables, even five syllables.
• Lira: The second and fifth verses are hexameters, and the first, third, and fourth are seven syllables. Consonant rhyme in the first with the third and second with the fourth and fifth.

Non-Strophic Poems

Non-strophic poems are poems whose structure is a combination of different types of previous stanzas but have their own structure and characteristics, and in themselves form a poem.

Free Verse

Free verse is a verse that has a different metrical scheme than the other verses of the stanza.