Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and exercises for English for Baccalaureate

be was / were been

ser, estar

become became become

convertirse en, hacerse

begin began begun

empezar, comenzar

bite bit bitten

morder

blow blew blown

soplar

break broke broken

romper

bring brought brought

llevar, traer

build built built

construir

buy bought bought

compra

can could been able

poder

catch caught caught

coger, atrapar, tomar

choose chose chosen

elegir, escoger

come came come

venir

cost cost cost

costar

cut cut cut

cortar

do did done

hacer

draw drew drawn

dibujar

drink drank drunk

beber

drive drove driven

conducir

eat ate eaten

comer

fall fell fallen

caer

feel felt felt

sentir

fight fought fought

pelear, luchar

find found found

encontrar

fly flew flown

volar

forget forgot forgotten

olvidarse

forgive forgave forgiven

perdonar

freeze froze frozen

congelar

get got got / gotten

recibir, conseguir,...

Ballad Basics

·Ballads are newspaper like compositions written to remember Important people, events or places.

Format

·abcb rhyme scheme

·8,6,8,6 syllabic count

·4 line stanza

·Refrains

·Narrative storyline

Types

·Traditional (Oral)

·Literary (Written)

Topics

·Love lost due to moving

·Moving/ settling

·Working (train, railroad, etc)

·War and battle

Enablers (Positive reasons for them being oral)

·Events written about are well known

·Follows a typical story narrative

·Typical melodic sounds are used

·Made of short simple lines

·It is entertaining which is motivational

Limits (Negative reasons that led them to be oral)

·Low or no time to formally compose

·Low or no access to paper and pen

·Low or no level of literacy

What happens When ballads travel

·Name

Vocabulary 1

Match the words and expressions in A with an opposite definition in B.

1. tough

2

Choose the correct answers.

1. A: Oh, no! My computer went viral/crashed again! B: Your computer is out of date/state of the art. You need to replace it.

3

Choose the correct continuation to show that you have understood the words in bold.

1. He worked round the clock because ...

4

Replace the words and phrases in bold with the words and phrases below

1. My new laptop is very easy to use.

5

Complete the following sentences by adding a suffix to the words in brackets to form nouns.

1. The filmmaker received an award for lifetime … (achieve)

6

Complete the sentences with a suitable word to show that you have understood the words in bold.

1. Jeff’s new job is very demanding. That’s

Welcome to the UK, Antonio!

Enjoy Your Trip!

Hi Antonio, I hope you're having a wonderful time in the UK! I'm sure you're enjoying all the museums, gardens, landscapes, and customs. Your family is looking forward to seeing you when you return, and we have a gift ready for you.

Stay Warm and Share Your Experiences!

Wrap up warm, as I hear it's quite cold there. When you get back, we'd love to hear all about your adventures, the things you've purchased, and everything you've experienced. I heard there were some initial problems with your flight, but I'm glad everything worked out in the end. Enjoy every moment of this unique and once-in-a-lifetime experience!

A Great Partner Deserves a Great Adventure

You're a great partner, Antonio, and you deserve...

Verbs Followed by Infinitives or Gerunds

Verbs + to Infinitive

Afford, agree, appear, arrange, ask, attempt, be about, be up to (you), beg, claim, choose, consent, dare, decide, demand, deserve, expect, fail, get ready, hesitate, hope, intend, learn, manage, mean, need, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, seem, threaten, turn out, volunteer, wait, want, wish.

Verbs + Object + to Infinitive

Bold verbs from the previous list and:

Cause, convince, enable, forbid, force, get, help, hire, inspire, instruct, invite, order, persuade, remind, require, teach, tell, warn, would hate/like/love/prefer.

Verbs + Gerund

Admit, appreciate, avoid, be used to, can’t help, can’t stand, can’t imagine, can’t face, complete, consider, delay, detest,...

English Grammar Essentials

Passive Voice

• Present Simple: am, is, are + past participle
• Present Continuous: am, is, are + being + past participle
• Present Perfect: have, has + been + past participle
• Past Simple: was, were + past participle
• Past Continuous: was, were + being + past participle
• Past Perfect: had + been + past participle
• Future Simple: will + be + past participle
• Future Perfect: will + have + been + past participle

Conditionals

• Zero Conditional (Universal Truths): if + present simple, present simple
• First Conditional (Reality): if + present simple, will/can/must + verb infinitive
• Second Conditional (Unlikely): if + past simple, would/could/might + verb infinitive
• Third Conditional (Possible but Didn't Happen): if + past perfect, would/could/might

Mastering English Irregular Verbs

This comprehensive list provides common irregular verbs in English, including their base form, past simple, past participle, and Spanish translation. It's an excellent resource for learners looking to solidify their understanding of English verb conjugation.

• Be: was/were, been (ser, estar)
• Beat: beat, beaten (golpear)
• Become: became, become (llegar a ser, convertirse)
• Begin: began, begun (empezar)
• Bend: bent, bent (doblarse)
• Bet: bet, bet (apostar)
• Bite: bit, bitten (morder)
• Bleed: bled, bled (sangrar)
• Blow: blew, blown (soplar)
• Break: broke, broken (romper)
• Bring: brought, brought (traer)
• Build: built, built (construir)
• Catch: caught, caught (coger)
• Choose: chose, chosen (elegir)
• Come: came, come (venir)
• Cost: cost, cost (

Conditionals

First Conditional: Possible Situations

If + Present Simple, Subject + Will + Verb (infinitive)

Example: If I go tomorrow, I'll see Mary. -> Si voy mañana, veré a Mary.

Second Conditional: Imaginary Situations

If + Past Simple, Subject + Would + Verb (infinitive)

Example: If I won the lottery, I'd buy a car. -> Si ganara la lotería, me compraría un coche.

Third Conditional: Imaginary Situations in the Past

If + Past Perfect, Subject + Would + have (always have) + Verb (past participle)

Example: If I had studied more, I would have passed the exam. -> Si yo hubiera estudiado más, habría aprobado el examen.

Reported Speech

• Present Simple: We eat food --> She said they ate food.
• Past Simple: We ate food --> She said that they

Characters of The Importance of Being Earnest

John "Jack" Worthing

Jack is the play's protagonist and most sympathetic character. He was found in a handbag on a railway line and feels less at home in aristocratic society than does Algernon. He lives in the country but has invented a wicked brother named "Ernest" whose scrapes require Jack's attendance in the city.

Algernon Moncrieff

Algernon, Jack's foil, is a hedonist who has created a friend named Bunbury. Bunbury's status as a permanent invalid allows Algernon to leave the city whenever he pleases. He believes this activity, Bunburying, is necessary, especially if one is going to get married—something he vows never to do.

Lady Bracknell

Lady Bracknell is the play's antagonist, blocking both...