Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and exercises for English for Baccalaureate

Essential Weather Vocabulary

• Ordinary: ordinary
• Deadly: mortal
• Back and forth: back and forth
• Witness: witness
• Strike: strike
• Gather: gather
• Background: background
• Path: path
• Rather than: rather than
• Weather: weather
• Forecaster: forecaster
• Skilled: skilled
• Slip: slip
• Chasing: chasing
• Avoid: avoid
• Degrees: degrees
• Slippery: slippery
• Forecast: forecast
• Flood: flood
• Lightning: lightning
• Soaking wet: soaking wet
• Rainfall: rainfall
• Sweat: sweat
• Blizzard: blizzard
• Melting: melting
• Overcast: overcast
• Drought: drought
• Heatwave: heatwave
• Chilly: chilly
• Humidity: humidity
• Shivered: shivered
• Bitter: bitter
• Scorching: scorching
• Heavy: heavy
• Severe: severe
• Thick: thick
• Mild: mild

Modal Verbs

Can

• Ability: Most tornado chasers can avoid dangerous situations.
• Request: Can I join your group?
• Possibility:

English Verb Tenses: Structure and Examples

This section outlines the 12 core English verb tenses, detailing their affirmative and negative structures using the verb to eat as an example. (Note: Base refers to the infinitive without 'to', V2 is the Past Simple form, and V3 is the Past Participle form.)

1. Present Simple Tense

   Affirmative: Subject + Base / Subject + Base + s (for 3rd person singular)
   Negative: Subject + do/does not + Base
   Example: I eat / I do not eat

2. Present Continuous Tense

   Affirmative: Subject + am/is/are + Verb + ing
   Negative: Subject + am/is/are not + Verb + ing
   Example: I am eating / I am not eating

3. Present Perfect Tense

   Affirmative: Subject + have/has + V3
   Negative: Subject + have/has not + V3
   Example: I have eaten / I have not

Conjunctions and Conditional Clauses

Exercise 1: Completing Sentences with Conjunctions

1. I'm pretty sure you can't explain what you're doing, unless you show me.
2. We're going to the beach tomorrow, even if it rains.
3. You can borrow my camera, but first you must promise to return it as long as it's in good condition.
4. We're too late for the train. Taking a taxi won't help, even if we hurry.
5. I'm not planning to call the doctor, but I will unless I feel better soon.

Exercise 2: Modals and Conditional Sentences

2. I definitely wouldn't have finished the project without your help.
3. Where would you live if you could choose anywhere in the world?
4. They won't give you a refund unless you have the receipt.
5. I usually walk to college, but I might go by bus if it rains.
6. Even

Complete the sentences with the verbs below in Past Simple:

walk, enjoy, like, watch, travel, finish, listen

1. Lucy liked her birthday presents.
2. Last weekend I walked in the mountains for 2 hours.
3. We enjoyed the party very much.
4. Ken listened to his favorite CD yesterday.
5. My sister studied Maths for an exam.
6. They traveled to the USA in 2003.
7. Dad washed his car last weekend.
8. The film finished at 11:30.

Write the sentences in negative:

1. Lucy didn't like her birthday presents.
2. Last weekend I didn't walk in the mountains for 2 hours.
3. We didn't enjoy the party very much.
4. Ken didn't listen to his favorite CD yesterday.
5. My sister didn't study months for German.
6. They didn't travel to the USA in 2003.
7. Dad didn't wash his car last weekend.
8. The film didn't finish at 11:30.

Present Continuous for Future Use

Short term plans. We often mention specific time or place: We are travelling to Paris in December.

Future Continuous

Future actions which take place over a period of time: I can't meet you tomorrow – I will be visiting my grandmother. Future actions which have already been planned: We will be leaving on the day after Christmas.

Future Perfect

Talk about something that will be completed by a specific moment in the future. Usually use by: We will have learnt how to ski perfectly by the end of the holiday.

Relative Pronouns/Adverbs

• Who/that: people – The boy who/that works at the library loves me.
• Which/that: things – School is a place which/that gives you an education.
• Whose: possession – There is whose marks

I usually wake up at 5:00, I

get out of bed at 10 and then

I take a shower. After the sho

wer I usually do like 60 push-u

ps and then I have a cup of co

ffee and sometimes cereal or

a glass or orange juice.I drive

to work and I usually leave ho

me at 5:45, I get to work arou

nd 6:50 amI drive home for an

hour or more and I get around

 5:40 PM. I eat some snack and

 sometimes I take a nap for ar

ound 20 minutes.I check social

media, watch the news and have

lunch with my family. Then I deci

ded if I have to prepare someth

ing for tomorrow, do exercises

or watch a movie or TV show.

i am going to wath I usually

go to bed around 11pm

English Sentence Transformation Practice

Enhance your English grammar skills by practicing sentence transformations. Each item presents an original sentence followed by its rephrased or corrected version.

1. Original Sentence: Although it was raining, we didn't take our umbrellas.

   Corrected Answer: Despite the fact that it was raining / Despite raining, we didn't take our umbrellas.

2. Original Sentence: If the neighbours don't stop shouting, I'll call the police.

   Corrected Answer: Unless they stop shouting, I'll call the police.

3. Original Sentence: It's a pity you didn't work more efficiently.

   Corrected Answer: I wish you were/worked more efficiently.

4. Original Sentence: If you drive fast, you'll use more petrol.

   Corrected Answer: The faster you drive, the

V-1

1 My job is seasonal because I only work during the summer. 2 You need to have the proper qualification for this job. 3 Jackie announced her resignation. We will miss her. 4 I can't trust Amy because she's not reliable. 5 Over a hundred people died of starvation due to lack of food.

2

1 The deadline is tomorrow, not a day later. 2 The perks include a company car. 3 He first started working here as a clerk. 4 That's nonsense. It's just not true. 5 She's been promoted to a new position. 6 I'm not a slave. I don't work for free. 7 This week I'm working the early shift. 8 I need help. This task requires teamwork.

3

1 A dead-end job offers you a no opportunities. 2 A worker who is burnt out may quit. 3 If you're out of work, you don't have a job.

The main characters are three men: Peter Mason, Jackstraw, and Joss. They were working in a weather station in the Arctic when suddenly, they heard a huge noise. They left the weather station to know what had happened. They found out that the noise had been an accident of a plane. When they reached the plane, they fortunately found 10 survivors, but they also found several dead men, with one of them dead by a bullet, not the crash, so it was clear that there were some murderers among all of them.

The rest of the story runs on trying to guess who the murderers are. Peter Mason, Jackstraw, and Joss are men who are experienced in working in extreme conditions, but they have never managed a situation as described in the book. The leader of the three...

Section 1: Conditional Verb Pair Solutions (Set A)

Identify the correct verb forms for the following conditional sentences (If-Clauses and Results):

1. go / get
2. finishes / will give
3. break / will pay
4. hadn't landed / would have caught
5. ignore / won't invite
6. would have arrived / had taken
7. treated / wouldn't argue

Section 2: Single Verb Form Answers (Set A)

Complete the sentences using the appropriate tense or modal verb:

1. wouldn't have called
2. will lend
3. practised
4. hear
5. won't help
6. die
7. won't come
8. sees

Section 3: Sentence Correction and Review

Review and correct the following sentences, focusing on proper conditional structure and grammar:

• Original: If I were you, I had buy the blue dress.
  Correction: If I were you, I would buy the blue dress.
• Original: They might break up,