Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and exercises for Medicine and health sciences for Secondary education

Language Learning

accent, bilingual, cognate, comment on, false friend, fluently, have a chat, idiom, keep in touch, meaning, mother tongue, proverb, saying, second language, slang, speak in public, spread a rumour/gossip, synonym, translation, blogger, chatroom, cookies, cyberbully, delete an account, follower, go online, hacker, internet addiction, post an update, post sth online, profile update, retweet, safe site, screen time, shop online, social network, status update, tweet, unread mail, user, wireless connection, zoom in, call back (RETURN SOMEBODY'S CALL OR CALL THEM AGAIN), cut sb off (SUDDENLY STOP A CALL), get through (BECOME CONNECTED), hang up (FINISH A PHONE CALL), listen in, make a call (RING UP), quieten down (BECOME QUIETER)...

History of Medicine

Today, when we have a bad cold or fever, we can go to the doctor and get a prescription for some kind of medicine. But what did people do hundreds of years ago? They couldn't go to the chemist and they couldn't take an aspirin. What could they do?

Ancient Egyptians had a very effective system of medicine. It was very advanced for its time. The Egyptians introduced the concepts of diagnosis and medical examination. They also performed the first surgery around 2750 BC.

The famous Greek physician Hippocrates used herbs in his treatments. But what medicine could ancient people take when they had a headache, a cold, or a stomach ache? Herbal medicine.

Herbal medicine is the oldest form of healthcare. Primitive men observed the great...

Health and Illness Vocabulary

Symptoms and Conditions

• To have: a cough, a headache, a rash, a temperature, sunburn, a sore throat, diarrhea, a blister, a cold, flu.
• To be: sneezing.
• Other conditions: Her ankle is swollen, her back hurts, her finger is bleeding, to feel sick, fainted ( = desmayado), to feel dizzy.
• Serious conditions: To be unconscious, he had an allergic reaction, twisted his ankle, he has high or low blood pressure, food poisoning, choking, burnt.

Treatments and Actions

• Take antibiotics, painkillers.
• For a twisted ankle: Put ice on it and bandage it.
• For an allergic reaction: Take antihistamine tablets.

Phrasal Verbs (Health)

• Get over, come around, lie down.
• Pass out ( = faint = desmayarse).

Clothes and Fashion

Adjectives

• Trendy, stylish,

Selective Grinding in Prosthodontics

Aim: The primary goal is to obtain Balanced Bilateral Occlusion (BBO) without causing changes to the Centric Relation (CR) or Vertical Dimension (VD).

Objectives of Occlusal Adjustment

• Achieve stability and maximum distribution of forces.
• Maintain the Vertical Dimension (VD).
• Ensure occlusal harmony and sharp cusps.
• Reduce lateral forces.

Rules for Correcting Premature Contacts

• Tooth movement causing a high cusp: For premature contact, lower the opposing fossa.
• Upper molars positioned buccally: Grind the upper buccal and palatal cusps, as well as the lower lingual and buccal cusps.
• Upper molars positioned lingually: Grind the buccal surface of the lower lingual cusp and the palatal surface of the upper buccal cusp.

Elevate Your Vocabulary

Ineffable - Beyond description; too great or extreme to be expressed or described in words.

Cromulent - Acceptable or adequate.

Nescient - Lacking knowledge; ignorant.

Déjà vu - The feeling that one has seen or experienced something before.

Sad-lugubrious - Excessively mournful.

Saturnine - Gloomy or taciturn.

Foudroyant-dazzling - Stunningly brilliant.

Ossified - Become fixed and rigid.

Faux - False; not genuine.

Indelible - Long-lasting; cannot be erased.

Imbroglio - A complicated situation.

Unrelenting - Not giving up; persistent.

Coup de foudre - Love at first sight.

Succumb - Give in to.

Nefarious - Wicked; despicable.

Stoic - Able to tolerate hardship without complaint.

Cachinnate - To laugh loudly.

En route - On the way.

Myriad...

Essential English Vocabulary

Family and Relationships

• Bond: lazo, vínculo
• Brother-in-law: cuñado
• Cousin: primo
• Great-grandfather: bisabuelo
• Nephew: sobrino
• Niece: sobrina
• Referee: árbitro
• Relative: pariente, familiar
• Sibling: hermano/a
• Spouse: cónyuge
• Widow: viuda
• Only child: hijo único

Common Verbs and Actions

• Bury: enterrar
• Cheer: animar
• Fake: fingir
• Flee: huir, fugarse
• Inherit: heredar
• Nod: asentir con la cabeza
• Raise: criar
• Overhear: oír (por casualidad)

Adjectives and Personal Traits

• Engaged: prometido/a
• Grateful: agradecido/a
• Jealous: celoso/a
• Pregnant: embarazada
• Single: soltero/a
• Self-centered: egocéntrico

Phrasal Verbs and Useful Expressions

• Break up: romper, separarse
• Fight back: defenderse, contraatacar
• Get along: llevarse bien
• Grow apart: distanciarse
• Live

Simple Past Tense: Usage & Formation

This tense is often used to refer to actions that took place at a particular time in the past. In this case, time expressions like yesterday or last year are commonly used.

It also refers to actions that occurred and were completed in the past, even without mentioning the exact moment.

To form the Simple Past, we put the verb in its past form. This is where the difficulty arises. First, we must distinguish between two kinds of verbs: regular and irregular. Due to their complexity, we will cover irregular verbs in an upcoming lesson and focus on regular verbs here.

Using "When" for Consecutive Past Actions

The word when is used to speak of two consecutive actions in the past.

Forming Simple Past Sentences

• For

The Miracle of Fetal Development

The journey from conception to birth is an extraordinary process of growth and transformation. The developing fetus recognizes various actions and sensations, including dreaming.

Conception and Early Stages

• Fertilization: Sperm possess a unique 'smell' that guides them to the egg. The fusion of the sperm and egg nuclei marks fertilization.
• Implantation: The fertilized egg then travels to the mother's uterus and implants in the placenta.
• Trimesters: Pregnancy is typically divided into three trimesters, each marking significant developmental phases.

First Trimester: Foundations of Life

Week 2-3: Initial Transformations

• 15 Days Post-Implantation: Around 15 days after implantation, the embryo undergoes a significant transformation,

Misfits Gaming: A Historical Timeline

2016: Formation and Rise to the EUCS

Misfits was formed in May 2016 to play in the EUCS Summer Qualifiers after their former parent organization, Renegades, was banned from competitive play. Consequently, they could no longer compete under the name Renegades: Banditos. In the qualifiers, they finished first in their group and then defeated EURONICS Gaming 3-1 in the finals to successfully qualify for the Summer Season.

2016 Season: Dominating the Challenger Series

Competing with an initial roster of top laner Alphari, jungler Wisdom, mid laner Selfie, AD carry Hans sama, and support IgNar, the Misfits roster brought a great deal of experience to the table, most notably Wisdom's 2015 World Championship runner-...