Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and exercises for English for Baccalaureate

Robinson Crusoe: A Story of Survival

Robinson Crusoe, born into a merchant family, defies his father's wish for him to become a lawyer, choosing instead a life of adventure at sea. His voyages are fraught with peril, culminating in a shipwreck off the coast of the Orinoco River. As the sole survivor, Crusoe faces a dramatic shift in his life. Stranded and alone, he must learn to navigate the unfamiliar natural world to survive. Over twenty-eight years, Crusoe adapts and learns, eventually finding companionship in "Friday," whom he rescues from a cannibalistic tribe. Friday becomes invaluable, alleviating Crusoe's loneliness and teaching him the value of the island's resources. The novel recounts Crusoe's family history, his maritime adventures,...

Present Simple to Past Simple

• Direct: "He is American."
  Reported: She said he was American.
• Direct: "Are you busy tonight?"
  Reported: He asked me if I was busy that night.

Present Continuous to Past Continuous

• Direct: "Dan is living in S.F."
  Reported: They said Dan was living in S.F.
• Direct: "Why are you working so hard?"
  Reported: She asked me why I was working so hard.

Past Simple to Past Perfect

• Direct: "He was American."
  Reported: They said he had been American.
• Direct: "Did you buy a new car?"
  Reported: She asked me if I had bought a new car.

Past Continuous to Past Perfect Continuous

• Direct: "I was working late last night."
  Reported: He said he had been working late the night before.
• Direct: "Were you sleeping when I called?"
  Reported: He asked if I had

Essential English Irregular Verbs

Infinitive - Past Simple - Past Participle

• to be - was/were - been
• to become - became - become
• to build - built - built
• to buy - bought - bought
• to come - came - come
• to do - did - done
• to drink - drank - drunk
• to eat - ate - eaten
• to feel - felt - felt
• to find - found - found
• to fly - flew - flown
• to get - got - gotten
• to give - gave - given
• to go - went - gone
• to grow - grew - grown
• to hang - hung - hung
• to have - had - had
• to hear - heard - heard
• to know - knew - known
• to leave - left - left
• to lose - lost - lost
• to make - made - made
• to meet - met - met
• to put - put - put
• to quit - quit - quit
• to read - read - read
• to ride - rode - ridden
• to run - ran - run
• to say - said - said
• to see - saw - seen
• to speak - spoke - spoken
• to spend - spent

UNIT 8

NIVEL 1

Vocabulary

1. 1I traded clothes... 2 Go overseas to help yourself... 3 It was very satisfying/ordinary... 4 It was very satisfying worldwide... 5 I like to help yourself/go overseas... 6 was very ordinary/satisfying... 7 lives worldwide/nearby... 8 I signed/clothed/traded
2. 1 I think your idea is impossible. 2 I dislike this hotel. 3 If you overeat, you will not feel well. 4 I will reread the book. 5 That child is misbehaving. 6 This information is irrelevant to our situation. 7 Mark gets along well with his co-workers.
3. 1 My plane was delayed, I was late. 2 are staying overnight/a toothbrush. 3 The journey was the traveling. 4 We can't check in/hang around. 5 accommodation because it was dirty.

Grammar

Exercise 1

1. David has arrived.
2. The package

Unit Test 9: Optional Reading (Youth for Understanding)

1

1. It assists them with travel arrangements, visa applications and their enrolment in schools.
2. They improve their fluency in a foreign language, and also gain a deep understanding of another country and its people.

2

1. T – “YFU is a non-profit organisation …”
2. F – “… offers continued support … throughout the exchange.”
3. F – “…clearly valuable for the individuals and families who participate…”

3

1. they gain useful skills in the programme
2. change the world

4

1. c
2. a
3. d
4. b

Term Test 3: Optional Reading (Cyber Seniors)

1

1. a
2. d

2

1. T – “... keep in touch with their loved ones ... shop online ... stay independent for longer.”
2. F – “They must be made aware of seniors’ physical problems ...”
3. T

Tattoos: History and Cultural Significance

The discovery of mummies with tattoos is thought to be evidence that the Polynesians began adorning their bodies after World War II. Tattoos have been used to reduce laughter, show bravery, and communicate about oneself.

How Are Tattoos Created?

A falling rock hit him while skiing up in the mountains.

Who Inspired the “Game of Thrones” Creator?

George R. R. Martin has always maintained that "Game of Thrones," a best-seller, was inspired by historical events.

I wish I was on a desert island right now.

Mary suggested going to the cinema on Tuesday.

When do you have to wear a uniform?

La Tomatina: A Unique Spanish Festival

La Tomatina is a popular festival that succeeds globally, attracting people who enjoy...

More Practice 1

Vocabulary

1

1.c 3.f 5.g 7.e
2.d 4.b 6.a

2

1. blame 5. react
2. notice 6. pronounce
3. sensitive 7. indifference
4. championship 8. punctuation

3

1. back 4. out of
2. down to 5. over
3. into

4

1. quarrel 4. graduate
2. massive 5. disease
3. doubtful 6. fascinating

5

1. countless 4. blame
2. fluent 5. mysterious
3. get the message across 6. truthful
4. worthwhile

Grammar

1

1.a 3.a 5.b 7.a 9.a
2.b 4.b 6.a 8.a 10.b

2

1. will have finished 5. had graduated
2. Had … had 6. will have lost
3. won’t have read
4. hasn’t called

3

1. have been waiting
2. Has the alarm been making
3. had been looking
4. has been keeping
5. had been raining
6. had been travelling

4

1. have dreamed 5. had passed
2. have done 6. have been applying
3. have learned 7. will have moved
4. have been studying

5

1. have … travelled
2. had been barking
3. had drunk
4. had got
5. hasn’t felt / hasn’t

Vocabulary

Attraction: atracció, building: edifici, concert: concierto, culture: cultura, custom: costum, dynamic: dinamic, elegant: elegant, ethnic: etnic, exciting: excitant, fascinating: fascinant, fashionable: de moda, festival: festival, friendly: simpatic, guidebook: guia, landscape: paisatge, lifestyle: estil de vida, mouth-watering: molt apetitosa, museum: museu, national: nacional, night life: vida nocturna, open: obert, parks: parcs, queue: cua, religion: religio, scenery: paisatge, smart: elegant /intel·ligent, spectacular: espectacular, superb: soberbio, theatre: teatre, traditional: tradicional, welcoming: hospitalaria, well-Known: famos/ coneguda, wonderful: meravellos, aboriginal: indigena, accent: acent, American English: ingles...

South Africa: A Photographic Safari Dream

I would love to visit South Africa because it is one of the top destinations in the world for photographic safaris.

South Africa boasts some of the oldest mountains on Earth, evidence of our earliest ancestors in the Cradle of Humankind, the ruins of an ancient African kingdom, and South Africa's oldest castle.

It is a country rich in history and vibrant cultural activities. My greatest desire is to experience South Africa firsthand.

Future Plans and Aspirations

It is very important to have future plans because they represent goals that one sets to achieve, whether in the short or long term.

My aspirations include owning my own home within ten years to start a family, achieving several professional qualifications,...

Many high schools have adopted dress codes that set guidelines for what students can wear in the school building. Many people disagree with these policies. Though arguments can be made for either side, my opinion is that a dress code can have a very positive outcome for several reasons.

Promoting Student Equality and Acceptance

First of all, a dress code promotes student equality and acceptance. High school students are at a vulnerable age when they want to be accepted. If a teenager feels as though they don't belong, it can lead to serious emotional problems. Some students get so upset that they withdraw from family, their grades fail, and they may become hostile. The shootings at Columbine High School were the response of two boys who felt...