Key Project Stakeholders in Information Systems
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Categories of Project Participants in Information Systems
- Users
- Administrators
- Auditors, quality control personnel, and checkers
- Systems analysts
- System designers
- Programmers
- Operations personnel
Users
Users are the individuals for whom the system was built.
User Classification by Job Category or Supervision Level
- Operational Users: Clerks, operators, and secretaries who have daily contact with the system and focus on human-interface details.
- User Supervisors: Individuals who lead operational users and define the requirements and company policies the system must perform.
- Executive Users: Senior leaders who initiate and fund the project. They focus on the overall system impact rather than technical details.
User Classification by Data Processing Experience
- Amateur: Individuals with no prior computer experience.
- Rookie: Individuals with some computer experience.
- Expert: Individuals who understand computer technology and systems analysis.
Administrators
Administrators are classified as follows:
- User Administrators: Managers responsible for personnel in the operational area where the system is implemented.
- Computer Administrators: Project and systems managers who oversee human and technical resources.
- General Managers: Senior managers not directly involved in the daily project operations.
Auditors, Quality Control, and Standards
These professionals ensure the system is developed according to external standards. They are often involved toward the end of the project lifecycle.
Systems Analyst
The systems analyst performs several critical roles:
- Discovering and documenting system development details.
- Distinguishing between symptoms and root causes of user problems.
- Acting as a mediator, requiring diplomacy and negotiation skills.
- Often serving as the project manager.
System Designers and Programmers
The system designer transforms analysis results into an architectural design. This design serves as the foundation for programmers, who receive the specifications from the designers to build the final system.