1. The Concept of Law
- Concept of Law
- Characteristics of Law: Bilateral, generality, imperative, and coercivity.
- Classes of Law: Public and private.
- Sources of Law: Legislation, custom, and general principles of law.
2. Subjects of Legal Relationships
- Concept and Classes: Physical and legal persons.
- Capacity of Natural Persons: Legal capacity and capacity to act.
- The Natural Person: Birth, extinction, and proof of birth and death.
- Marital Status of Persons.
- Age and Legal Capacity: Concept, impact on capacity, age of majority, minors, and emancipation (via concession or marriage).
- Disability and Incapacitation: Natural disability (physical defects, mental disturbances), judicial disability, and institutionalization of minors.
- Family and Personal Status: Relationships.
- Legal Persons: Concept, classes (public and private law, public and private interest groups, associations), and legal status.
3. Objects of Civil Law and Heritage
- Definition of Things.
- Classification of Things:
- Susceptibility of Traffic: Prohibited, restricted, and free.
- Ownership: Public and private.
- Qualities: Real property (by nature, destination, analogy), personal property (by nature, by exclusion), tangible and intangible, consumable and non-consumable, fungible and non-fungible, divisible and indivisible, simple and compound.
- Property: Concept and types of assets (personal, special, destination, group).
- Patrimonial Legal Relationships: Concept, classes (public and private law), and structure (subject, object, content).
- Subjective Rights.
4. The Obligation
- Concept of Obligation.
- Elements of the Obligation: Subject, object, and legal link.
- Classification of Liabilities: Debit and responsibility.
- Sources of Obligation: Ex voluntate and ex lege (law, contract, quasi-contract, lawful acts).
- Classes of Obligations:
- By Object: Positive (to give, to do) and negative (not to do).
- By Subjects: Joint (active, passive, and mixed).
- By Link: Unilateral and bilateral.
