Environmental Impact: Acid Rain, Pollution, and Climate Change
Classified in Geology
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Acid Rain
Acid rain is produced from gases such as nitrogen oxide and carbon dioxide. The combination of each of these gases and water droplets produces sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and others.
Greenhouse Effect
The resulting greenhouse effect leads to global warming, which might affect the global climate and cause landslides due to the partial melting of polar ice caps.
Large-Scale Effects
The effects of pollution are not limited only to where the pollutants are emitted. Reducing the concentration of contaminants in one area does not necessarily reduce the overall degree of contamination.
2.2 Water Pollution
Degradation is caused by water pollution discharges that carry contaminants as water collects soil in its path. Inland waters that run through crop fields carry pesticides and excess nutrients, while urban runoff collects products such as oils, gasoline, and heavy metals.
2.3 Soil Contamination
Soil pollution is mainly due to metals resulting from industrial activities, fertilizers used in agriculture, livestock waste, and urban refuse. Soil organic pollutants are a group formed by a high number of substances that, in the vast majority, are caused by human activity.
3. Climate Change and Biodiversity
3.1 Climate Change
Climate change is an anomalous and lasting alteration in the average state of the climate. It may be due to natural internal processes or external changes caused by human activity that affect the composition of the atmosphere or soil. The net effect of these increases could be a global temperature rise estimated at 2 to 8°C over the next hundred years.
3.2 Loss of Biodiversity
Climate change and biodiversity are two closely related concepts, as the former results in the loss of biodiversity. Among the effects of climate change causing a loss of biodiversity are the following:
- Habitats will shift
- Changes in lake and water temperatures
- The rise in global temperature
- Simulations made on climate and ecosystems
- Changes in the life processes of many species