Compound Sentence Structure and the Avant-garde Movement

Compound Sentence Structure

A compound sentence (sometimes referred to as complex in broader contexts) is one that has two or more predicates, forming multiple propositions. Compound sentences can be classified as:

• Coordinated
• Subordinated

Coordinated Sentences

Coordinated sentences are formed when two or more independent clauses are joined, showing no grammatical dependence between them. They are linked by coordinating conjunctions or locutions.

Example: We wanted to go, but we could [go].

Types of Coordinated Sentences

1. Copulative: These sentences join propositions together. They are related by conjunctions such as and, nor, or neither, whether the clauses are affirmative or negative.
   • I raised the issue and resolved it.
   • He worked and caused problems.
   • Neither knows nor wants to know.
2. Disjunctive: One proposition excludes the other. They join using conjunctions like or.
   • Are you coming or are you staying?
   • As a reward, I'll give you a book or I'll take you to the movies.
   • Are you telling the truth or hiding something?
3. Distributive: These sentences present alternating actions, though they are not mutually exclusive. The most common correlative locutions are: well...well, now...now, as soon...as. Other patterns can also mark this structure.
   • As soon as he was amiable, he would quarrel.
   • Some were happy; others were concerned.
4. Explanatory: One clause clarifies the meaning of the preceding clause. Clauses are joined by explanatory locutions such as that is or i.e. (id est).
   • He was turning a phrase, i.e., the poet feels.
5. Adversative: One proposition restricts or denies the assertion in the other. They are joined by conjunctions and conjunctive locutions such as but, yet, however, or nevertheless.
   • Ana is believed to be sympathetic, but she is not funny.

The Avant-garde Movement

Origin and Etymology

The term avant-garde comes from French, originating in military lexicon. It designates the most advanced part of the army—the "first line" of exploration and combat—which confronts the enemy first.

Artistic Context

These renovating artistic movements, generally dogmatic in their manifestos, occurred in Europe in the early decades of the twentieth century, from where they spread to other continents, mainly America.

In the Hispanic world, the Avant-garde reacted against Modernism, whose innovations were deemed inadequate and outdated in the eyes of the new generation of artists.