Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and exercises for Social sciences for Baccalaureate

Explain why the Mars expedition is a high risk travel.

What happens if the space suit rips?

What happens if the rover breaks down?

What would happen if you lost contact with Earth?

Write two reasons why people shouldn’t go to Mars.

• Homesickness
• Extreme boredom

Would you volunteer to go to Mars? Why or why not?

Write about a candidate that is willing to go to Mars. Explain his or her reasons.

Why do people want to go to Mars?

Describe the Mars One Project.

The Mars One Project is a Dutch project that aims at a permanent human colony on Mars.

Write a 5-line paragraph about Malala Yousafzai.

She was born on 12 July 1997 and is a Pakistani activist for female education. She is the youngest Nobel Prize laureate and is known for her human rights advocacy, especially...

Historical Context of the 17th Century

Following the Renaissance (15th and 16th centuries), the 17th century witnessed the emergence of the modern world across all levels of society. This period was marked by significant transformations in several key areas:

Economic Developments

There was substantial growth in trade and manufacturing. Early productive capital began to shift, gradually transforming feudal serfs into wage laborers, moving away from the guild system.

Political Landscape

Absolutist states, the first form of the modern state, dominated Europe, displacing feudal fiefs. Nobles were subjected to the absolute monarch (the sovereign), who, in turn, depended on lenders to finance the considerable costs of the centralized state. This included...

Causes of the Decline of the Mughal Empire

The decline of the Mughal Empire was a complex process resulting from a combination of political, economic, administrative, military, and social factors that unfolded primarily after the death of Aurangzeb in 1707. The causes can be broadly categorized as follows (relevant for BA 3rd semester examination answers):

I. Political and Administrative Factors

• Weak Successors: Aurangzeb's death was followed by a series of weak, inefficient, and short-reigning emperors who were unable to maintain control over the vast empire. They often became puppets in the hands of powerful nobles.
• Wars of Succession: The absence of a fixed law of succession (primogeniture) led to frequent and destructive wars among the royal

Nowadays, with the aim of making undergraduate students more familiar with the labour market, “Estudios Ingleses” degree is now offering internships as an optional subject to all students on their last academic year. Therefore, it is quite frequent for students to consider which option would be more suitable for them. The aim of this essay is to compare and contrast similarities and differences between making an internship as an optional subject or choosing other optional subjects.

Both ways of studying share some similarities, being one of them learning about the subject you have chosen. They will obtain the same content in both cases and also, they will expend the same time.

The second similarity would be that they are able to get a job.

Cultural Differences

Cultural differences can affect the communication process because they often influence how the message is transmitted and received. Effective communication with people from different cultures is especially challenging. Cultures provide people with ways of thinking, seeing, hearing, and interpreting the world.

The same words can mean different things to people from different cultures, even when they speak the "same" language. It is almost impossible for everyone to share the same ideas or opinions because everyone comes from different cultural contexts, and these contexts influence our relationship with the world.

When languages differ and translation is necessary for communication, the potential for misunderstandings increases....

Semantic changes are produced using a process where several stages are distinguished: innovation, spread, generalization, and consolidation. As a part of this process, there are specific procedures or mechanisms that lead to changes in the meaning of words:

1. Significant Extent

A term acquires a more general meaning. It is also a significant expansion in the use of nouns as names referring to a singular class of people (a womanizer). For this procedure, common nouns have been created (matchmaker).

2. Significant Restrictions

A common language word acquires a new meaning, more specifically, to pass as a specific term used in a group. It is also common in scientific and technical language that relies on words commonly used to form jargon (acid)....

Communication in Early Childhood Education

Body Language

(Ribas Antuña: 2011) Body language is specifically mentioned in the Infant Curriculum. When learning a foreign language, our body is essential. Images and realia materials are extremely important in the teaching-learning process. Our body, one of the main elements of non-verbal communication, is also a means to make our pupils conscious of shapes, spaces, and objects. Pointing out is absolutely important. By using our body without speaking, students can make associations between English names and objects, parts of the body, etc. Our body is also a means and a tool for dramatization activities.

Verbal Communication

• Set of signs
• Oral or written communication in its multiple forms
• Convention

With robots becoming more common each and every day, it is important to understand both the advantages and disadvantages that robots have. This will help enable people to better determine when to use and when to not use robots.

The Advantages of Robots

Cost: The most obvious advantage of robots is their cost. Robots are cheaper than most human counterparts, and their costs are still decreasing.

Abilities: Robotic abilities, what robots can do, are now extremely vast and growing.

Productivity: Robots do not tire and can work very long hours without service or maintenance. As a result, robots can be significantly more productive than people.

Precision: Robots can be much more precise than people. For instance, robots should not tremble or shake as...

The Galician Language in the Late 20th and Early 21st Centuries

During the Spanish transition to democracy, Spain began to be organized territorially into autonomous communities. Galicia was recognized as a "historic community."

With the advent of democracy, the demand for cultural and linguistic diversity in Galicia has increased. The language became the object of study and research to reach a standard. This involved the expurgación of dialectalisms, removing hiperenxebrismos, and adaptation to new environments of use: the city, media, normalization, and standardization.

• 1976: The University Department of Galician-Portuguese was created.
• 1978/1981: Thanks to the Constitution (1978) and the Statute of Autonomy (1981), Galician was recognized as

Early 20th Century European Society

Industrial Growth and Social Inequality

The early 20th century in Europe witnessed significant industrial growth, enriching the privileged bourgeois classes but also creating a deep societal divide. The First World War (1914-1918) further exacerbated this crisis of values. The euphoria of economic and technological progress fueled a consumer society, sheltering the new liberal capitalist system. However, this growth also widened the gap between the wealthy bourgeoisie and the exploited working class, leading to the rise of protest movements and ideologies like Anarchism, Socialism, and Communism.

Crisis of Faith and Reason

Key ideologies challenged positivism and rational thought, denouncing the perceived failures...