Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and exercises for Law for Secondary education

Classes of Legislative Delegation

Depending on the desired outcome, authorization must be granted to create an articulated text. A Legislative Decree must be based on a Framework Law, which establishes the fundamental criteria that the government must follow.

Constraints of the Framework Law

• The Framework Law cannot authorize the amendment of the act itself (this constitutes fraud).
• It cannot authorize the creation of retroactive rules.

The Framework Law sets the scope of the Government's delegated authority.

Delegation for Consolidated Texts

Delegation may authorize the creation of a consolidated text from several scattered texts, linking and merging them. This involves instructing the Government to compile existing legislation into a single body...

Equal Opportunities

Everyone should have equal opportunities to enter the labor market and should not be discriminated against on grounds of sex, race, age, or beliefs such as religion.

In 1910, the writer Clara Zetkin organized the first international conference of socialist women, which passed a resolution establishing March 8 as International Working Women's Day.

In recent years, efforts have increased to reduce workplace discrimination because of age, physical disabilities, or sexual orientation.

Types of Discrimination

1. Racism and xenophobia: Racism is a theory based on the belief that human races have biological differences that justify dominance relationships between them, as well as behaviors of rejection or aggression. The term racism applies

Justinian's Legal Compilation: The Corpus Iuris Civilis

In the mid-sixth century, Emperor Justinian undertook the monumental task of collecting and systematizing Roman legal texts. This compilation drew from two primary sources:

• The works of classical Roman jurists, resulting in the Digest (or Pandects), an encyclopedic selection and summary.
• The imperial laws of his predecessors, compiled into the Code (a book of constitutions).

This comprehensive compilation was completed by the addition of the Institutions (a manual intended for legal students) and the Novellae (the "New Constitutions" promulgated by Justinian after the publication of the Code).

This entire set of books, known since the sixteenth century as the Corpus Iuris Civilis, became the...

Injury (Undue Influence)

Injury.

The Law 17.711 added to Article 954 of the Civil Code a provision through which revocation or modification of a legal act may also be requested when one party, exploiting the need, lightness, or inexperience of the other, obtained a patrimonial advantage that is clearly disproportionate and unjustified. In such cases, the vices of consent listed above are presumed.

In determining the existence of such a situation, the patrimonial advantage should be assessed in relation to the values existing at the time of conclusion.

Form of Legal Acts

Form of legal acts.

A legal act is any lawful voluntary act intended to immediately establish legal relationships between persons, creating, modifying, transferring, preserving, or...

Business Law and Key Legal Concepts

Law: A set of rules governing human behavior in a given place and time.

Business law: A set of principles governing commercial transactions and the capacity, rights, and duties of individuals who make such acts their usual occupation.

Legal person: A fictitious person capable of assuming rights and civil obligations, and to be represented in and out of court.

Acts of trade: An act or contract of intermediation conducted with a profit motive that aims at the circulation of wealth.

Dealers (traders): Free traders who have the capacity to contract and who trade as their usual occupation.

Prepubertal: Persons under 14 years for males and under 12 years for females.

Questions and Answers

1. Explain the importance of law

   Rights

Fundamental Rules of Society

The Rules: Each person is unique and unrepeatable, but also a social being. Therefore, they cannot be isolated from society.

Social Standards and Norms

Standards: These are mandatory rules that command, allow, or prohibit behavior to maintain normal or acceptable conduct. They indicate the desirable behavior of a human being capable of reasoning. Standards are a group of guidelines for correct behavior. When they are not fulfilled or are broken, they should be punished with a social penalty. Life without social norms is not possible.

There are several types of rules: moral, legal, religious, and social.

Legal Norms and Judicial Sanctions

Legal Norms: Rules of law acquire a binding character governed by the legislature....

Argentina's Government Structure

Argentina's government is defined as representative, republican, and federal.

Representative Government

The village representatives are exclusively divided.

Republican Government

The republican system of government is founded on the principles of popular sovereignty, division of power, frequency of government, and public accountability of government actions.

Federal Government

As stated in Section 5, each province shall enact its own constitution under the representative, republican system, according to the national constitution. This ensures their administration of justice, municipal regime, and primary education.

Eligibility for Election

To be elected, individuals must be Argentine citizens or children of native citizens,...

Leasing and Factoring Contracts

The leasing contract in general terms is a lease-purchase. The contracting parties to the factoring contract are called: Client, debtor, and factor. The main document that takes the factoring contract in their operations is the Bill. The radical importance of designating the address by the client in the contract is in bank accounts: to notify in the event of legal action against them.

Insurance Contract Fundamentals

The document where the terms of the insurance contract are immersed is called the Policy. The price or economic contribution made by the insured to the insurance company is called the Premium (Prima). The subjects of the insurance contract are the insurer, insured, policyholder, and beneficiary.

Bankruptcy

Fundamental Concepts in Ethics, Rights, and Governance

Personal Ethics Defined

Personal Ethics: Addresses the individual's actions in relation to oneself and the persons with whom one has a direct relationship.

Societal Ethics and Reflection

Ethics Field (Societal Reflection): This is the field of reflection concerning a larger reality, composed of everyone who, in one way or another, is part of our society.

Understanding Moral Commitment

Moral Commitment: The support that everyone feels obliged to give, in practice, to causes deemed fair.

The Individual Moral Imperative

A Moral Imperative: This depends on the awareness of the individual. The control of such a requirement is, and should be, handled by each individual, who must freely exercise that...

Key Definitions in Democracy

• Democracy: A political system where state power originates from the people, who often wield that power through their representatives. The word democracy comes from the Greek Demokratia, meaning "people power".
• Sovereignty: The highest political power of the state, to which all other powers are subordinated.
• Government: The leading agency of political power in democracies. According to the division of powers, it assumes executive power.
• People's Will: The collective political will of citizens expressed together.

Majority Rule in Democracy

Democracy involves the political power of the people, expressing their collective will through voting. The options chosen by the majority in these votes must, in principle, be accepted...