Understanding Workplace Motivation and Leadership Styles

Theory of Process

These theories focus on the conduct of the person in every situation faced.

Expectancy Theory (Vroom, 1964)

Motivation depends on the intensity with which a person wishes to achieve a goal and the probability of achieving it. This theory emphasizes the subjective perception of the possibility that a particular act is followed by a particular result. A person's effort in the job depends on:

• Ability to obtain a certain level of performance.
• The reward that can achieve that level.
• The importance assigned to those rewards.

Performance does not depend only on their work, but also on external factors that the subject cannot control.

Goal-Setting Theory (Locke, 1968)

Motivation at work is a conscious activity. The higher the objectives, the greater the level of execution. Today, these theories are important in business. They pose the following challenges:

• Define the targets accurately.
• Bring workers the necessary knowledge and skills.
• Ensure that workers accept the goals.

Styles of Address (Leadership)

Participative

Shares responsibility with subordinates, empowering them to make decisions. This enhances participation and performance. Leaders are sometimes reluctant to adopt this style for fear of losing authority.

Autocratic

The head imposes norms, standards, and the strategy to follow. They praise or criticize members. Employees are not part of the management team.

Democratic

Everything is discussed in groups, guided only by the head. This creates a pleasant climate and confidence, but it does not mean it is always effective.

Laissez-Faire

The group takes stakes without the chief's influence. This results in a chaotic work environment since there is almost no direction. The boss steps back; in reality, decisions are taken by the group.

Paternalistic (Fatherly)

The boss prioritizes personal interests over the needs of the organization. The leader adopts a protective attitude toward subordinates' decisions.

Bureaucratic

Characterized by a hierarchical structure, with rules that often block communication.

Leadership Skills

The method used to solve problems depends on the result you get.