Understanding Municipal Councils and Local Populations
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Understanding the Municipal Council
A council is the organization of government and an administrative municipality composed of a chairperson (the councilman) and the remaining councilors and officials. Municipal government is fundamentally necessary, consisting of essential organs and complementary bodies.
Who chooses each member?
Members are chosen by universal suffrage every four years.
Population Definitions and Types
A population is a group of persons or bodies of a particular species living in a specific geographic area.
Types of Population
- Legal Population: Individuals registered in a specific place where they exercise their civil rights.
- Actual Population: People currently living in a particular place without being registered there. These individuals reside in a location temporarily with no intention of staying permanently.
- Floating Population: Individuals who move to a particular place during specific times of the year, such as tourists in holiday destinations or retirees splitting time between a city and a village.
- Commuter Population: People who move to a particular place for several hours daily but maintain a permanent residence elsewhere. This includes workers who live in a village but work in a city or entertainment districts.
What defines a city?
A city is the local body's basic territorial organization and the primary element for participation in public affairs. It possesses autonomy, legal personality, and full capacity for the exercise of public functions. It is responsible for representing the interests of the collective and managing public services.
Functions of the Municipal Council
The council regulates the daily life of citizens and manages important issues, including:
- Urban planning, transport, and taxation.
- Municipal management of road safety through the Police.
- Maintenance of public roads and gardens.
- Construction of municipal facilities such as day-care centers, sports facilities, libraries, homes for the elderly, and public housing.