Spanish Bourbon Restoration — Isabel II to Alfonso XIII

Spanish Bourbon Restoration — Terms and Notes

Liberal Monarchy

Liberal monarchy: With the reign of Isabel II, the liberal monarchy was introduced in Spain. It was characterized by the existence of a constitution, separation of powers, and the coexistence of two political parties — both liberal (Moderate and Progressive).

Conservative Party

Conservative Party: It was formed by heirs of the Moderates; its leader was Antonio Cánovas del Castillo.

Restoration

Restoration: With the arrival in Spain of Alfonso XII, the period known as the Restoration began. It is so called because of the return of the monarchy and the Bourbon dynasty. It was a time of gradual change and relative political stability that lasted until 1931.

Progressive Party

Progressive Party: The party was a liberal monarchist group requesting less restricted suffrage; it supported a single chamber (the Congress) and defended national sovereignty.

Desamortización

Desamortización: Expropriation of land and other property of the Church, passing into the hands of the state and then sold at public auction.

Ladies

Ladies: They were represented by the figure of the landowner, whose lifestyle was marked by leisure and comfort.

Exercise 9: True/False Statements

9. Indicate whether the following statements are true or false and correct the false ones:

• F The first industrial Andaluza were created in Huelva and Granada.
  Correction: The first Andalusian industries were created in Marbella and Málaga.
• F In the Andalusian society of the nineteenth century the bourgeoisie was large.
  Correction: In nineteenth-century Andalusian society the oligarchy was the largest class.
• V Among the foreign travelers who visited Andalusia in the nineteenth century was Washington Irving.
• V The origin of flamenco is linked to the Roma (Gypsy) people.

Exercise 11: Notes on the Bourbon Restoration

11. Copy and complete your notebook with these words on the Bourbon Restoration in Spain:

• The statutes were enacted by the Congress of Deputies and the Senate.
• The Constitution was promulgated in 1876 and was conservative in character.
• The two parties that opposed the regime were the Carlist Party and the Republican Party.
• The political groups that opposed the regime were the Carlist Party and the Republican Party.
• Regionalism resurfaced in Catalonia, the Basque Country, and Galicia.
• The working class developed forms of struggle.
• On the death of King Alfonso XII, the crown passed to his son Alfonso XIII; because he was a minor, the regency was exercised by his mother, María Cristina.
• During this period occurred the Disaster of '98 (the 1898 Spanish–American War).

Notes: Terms are corrected for spelling, grammar, and capitalization while preserving the original content and meaning.