Simon Bolivar: Ancestry, Travels, and Social Reforms
Origin of the Bolivar Family
The Bolivar family descended from the noble house of Vizcaya, Spain. Simon Bolivar's parents were Juan Vicente Bolivar and Maria Concepcion Palacios y Blanco. He was born in Caracas on July 24, 1783, and his full name was Simon Jose Antonio de la Santisima Trinidad Bolivar.
Mentors and Teachers
Bolivar's education was shaped by several influential figures:
- Miguel Jose Sanz
- Father Andujar
- Andres Bello
- Guillermo Pelgron
- Simon Rodriguez (his primary mentor)
Travels of Simon Bolivar
First Trip to Europe
At age 15, Bolivar traveled to Europe, where he resided in the house of the Marquis of Ustariz. During this time, he met Maria Teresa Toro in Spain, whom he later married. His journey included stops in Mexico, Cuba, France, and Spain.
Second Trip: Consolidation of Ideals
Following the tragic loss of his wife, Bolivar traveled to distract himself. During this period, he consolidated his ideas regarding the liberation of the American people. This journey culminated at Monte Sacro in Rome, where he took his famous oath in the presence of his teacher, Simon Rodriguez. He visited Spain, England, France, Portugal, Italy, Austria, and Germany.
Third Voyage
Bolivar returned to Europe, serving as a diplomat to Great Britain.
Bolivar as a Social Reformer
Egalitarianism
Bolivar championed the principle of equality, arguing that while men and women may not be equal by nature, laws are responsible for correcting these differences. He advocated for universal access to education, the arts, and employment to ensure fair political and social equality.
Public Opinion
Simon Bolivar placed immense value on public opinion, believing it to be a vital gauge for the independence process. He famously stated that public opinion is worth more than an army.
Legitimacy of Property
Bolivar emphasized the legitimacy of property, which is enshrined in the constitution to guarantee the personal security that serves as the foundation of every society.
Moral Power
Bolivar proposed a "Moral Power" consisting of a chairman and 40 members, known as the Areopagus (High Court). This body would exercise supreme authority over public customs and early education, composed of two chambers: Education and Morals.