Principles of Flight

11.2. Las Cortes de Cádiz and the Constitution of 1812. During the war of Independence was spending a new political system promoted by the Spanish which comply neither supported Joseph Bonaparte or the institutions of the ancien regime that collaborated with him. There was therefore a real political revolution, it led to a series of new institutions claiming to act on behalf of the king, but whose only legitimacy came from the Spanish people, who created and supported. Thus was born the concept of Nación.Entre these institutions, the most important were the boards, agencies, local and provincial composed picture, military, clergy and other persons elected by the citizens. The need to coordinate political and military forced the provincial supreme form together, and later a Supreme Central Junta at Aranjuez. Although its initial president was the old Count of Floridablanca, its most representative figure was undoubtedly Jovellanos.La Supreme Junta Central had to be established in Cadiz, fleeing the French army. Despite the discrepancies, he finally took the decision to summon a Cortes to counteract the meeting called by Joseph Bonaparte and the Statute of Bayonne, whose first meeting was held in Cadiz in 1810.A Unlike the medieval courts, divided into strata, Cádiz Courts gathered in a single assembly of all members or representatives coming from different parts of Spain. The urban middle class was the protagonist of the Courts of Cádiz.-The deputies gathered in the Cortes of Cadiz ideológicos.Izquierda belonged to three groups: the left wing, liberals, supporters of radical changes and undertake to provide to Parliament, as the National Assembly, the entire sovereignty. Including Augustine Arguelles said. Were the real winners, as they managed to impose their views. -Center: in the center, Jovellanos Jovellanos followers, who advocated a compromise between the nation and the king through a Cortes estates. Ultimately, the criteria would be imposed in the nineteenth century and in the constitutions futuras.-right: the right wing absolutists, enemies of reform and supporters of the traditional system in which the king's sovereignty emanated from God. This theory is supported by Ferdinand VII on his return from exile and the Carlist along XIX.Las century Cádiz Cortes approved a series of measures to dismantle much of the political, social and economic aspects of the Old Régimen.Entre political reforms, the most important was the adoption of the Constitution (1812) known as Pepa, a large standard that reflected the agenda of liberal época.Constituyó the first basic law approved by a national parliament in the history of Spain; its basic principles were inspired by the Constitution of the French Revolution and although it was repealed in 1814 by Ferdinand VII would be implanted between 1820 and 1823 but would be especially relating to the history of Spanish constitutionalism.