Pneumatic Cylinder Force and Control Valve Mechanics

5.3-THE STRENGTH OF A CYLINDER: the pressure is the relation between force and the area in which it operates.
The unit is the pascal, which is 1 N/1m2, this unit is very small and usually is used kp/cm2, referring to the kiligramo strength kg/cm2.
The force of the rod of a cylinder is: F = p * A = p * 3.14 * R2.
We will get stronger the higher the pressure and radius of the plunger.
In the double eject cylinder fails.
In the return stroke of cilindors double effect: F = p * p * A = 3.14 (R2-r2).
6-ELEMENTS OF CONTROL: The valves are divided into: operated valves and regulation.
6.1-operated valves: regulating the incoming air directly into the cameras and, depending on the type of cylinder used one or another.
a) nuemro holes, called vias, where they can enter or leave the air.
b) The nuemro of positions that may take.
c) The type of command to the drives.
3 / 2 valve, manual lever disporne means that the three-way valve, can take two positions and is operated manually by a lever.
Each valve position is represented by a painting, the ways they do it through the lines.
Inside each box indicates the direction, by means of an arrow, which has the compressed air inside the valve or if the way is blocked.
Depending on the position at rest that is the valve, the three-way can be normally open or normally closed. In the former, should be interpreted as the initial position, compressed air is going into the cylinder, while the entrance is blocked nc.
6.2-Control valves: The valves are responsible for regulating the flow of compressed air that circulates throughout the circuit. The most important are pressure control valves and flow.
6. 2.1-VALVE PRESSURE:
a) Pressure relief valves: are usually put in the deposits of the compressors or parts of the circuit so that ninco pass a certain position before. If the valve is associated with a switch that cuts off the compressor motor current is called switch.
b) Pressure control valve: in charge of regulating the output pressure of the compressor or any part of the circuit.
6.2.2-Flow control valve: used to control the amount of air pressure flowing through the pipe that reaches Colindres and speed of exit or entry. Can be bidirectional or unidirectional.
The first regulates the flow of air in both directions and are formed by a screw that is strangling the section of pipe.
The control valves regulate flow only unidirectional air circulation in a sense.