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Mexico Country Profile: Key Facts and Statistics (1995)

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General Facts about Mexico

  • Official Name: United Mexican States.
  • Demonym: Mexican.
  • Borders (Limits): Bounded by the United States to the North; the Pacific Ocean to the West; Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea to the Southeast; and the Gulf of Mexico to the East.
  • Area (km²): 1,958,201.
  • Capital: Mexico City (Distrito Federal).
  • Population (1995): 91,145,000.
  • Population Density (inhabitants/km²): 46.5.
  • Languages: Castilian (Spanish, official), and numerous Amerindian languages.
  • Currency: New Pesos (Exchange rate: $1 USD = 6.54 pesos, June 1995).

Religious Affiliation

  • Roman Catholic: 89.7%
  • Protestant (including Evangelical): 4.9%
  • Jewish: 0.1%
  • Other religions: 2.1%
  • No affiliation/Non-religious: 3.2%

Demographic and Vital Statistics (1990–1995)

Ethnic Composition and Distribution

  • Main Ethnic Groups: Mestizo 60%, Amerindian 30%, White 9%, Other 1%.
  • Population Distribution (Urban/Rural): Urban 71.3%, Rural 28.7%.

Vital Rates

  • Annual Growth Rate (per 1,000): 26.8 (1993).
  • Total Fertility Rate (TFR): 3.7 births per woman of reproductive age (1993).
  • Crude Mortality Rate (per 1,000): 4.7 (1993).
  • Infant Mortality Rate (per 1,000 live births): 36 (1990–1995).
  • Life Expectancy (1990):
    • Men: 66.5 years.
    • Women: 73.1 years.

Age Structure and Education

  • Age Distribution:
    • Under 15 years: 35.9%
    • 15–29 years: 30.1%
    • 30–44 years: 18.2%
    • 45–59 years: 9.5%
    • 60–74 years: 4.8%
    • 75 years and older: 1.5%
  • Illiteracy Level (%): 14.1% (of the population aged 15 years and over).

Major Urban Centers (1990 Population)

The largest cities by population count in 1990 were:

  1. Mexico City: 9,815,795
  2. Guadalajara: 1,650,042
  3. Netzahualcóyotl: 1,255,456
  4. Monterrey: 1,068,996
  5. Puebla: 1,007,170
  6. Ciudad Juárez: 789,522
  7. León: 758,279
  8. Tijuana: 698,752
  9. Mérida: 523,422
  10. Chihuahua: 516,153

Political Structure

  • Government Type: Federal Republic.
  • Legislature: Bicameral Congress (Chamber of Deputies with 500 members and Senate with 128 members).
  • Head of State and Government: The President.
  • Administrative Divisions: 31 States and one Federal District.

Economic Indicators (1993 Data)

Macroeconomic Figures

  • Gross Domestic Product (GDP): $325,170,000,000.
  • Per Capita Income: $3,750.
  • External Debt: $85,960,000,000.
  • Imports: $65,366,500,000.
  • Exports: $60,882,000,000.

Trade Composition

Main Imported Products:

  • Manufactures: 94.2%
  • Food and Beverages: 4.2%
  • Minerals: 0.6%

Main Exported Products:

  • Metal products, Machinery, and Equipment: 58%
  • Crude Oil: 12.2%
  • Metals: 6.3%
  • Food, Beverages, and Tobacco: 3.3%

Key Agricultural and Natural Resources

Major production figures include:

  • Wheat: 4 million tons
  • Corn: 9.9 million tons
  • Sugar: 7 million tons
  • Citrus: 3.1 million tons
  • Cotton: 174,000 tons
  • Cocoa: 52,000 tons
  • Coffee: 312,000 tons
  • Beef Cattle: 35 million head
  • Pig Farming: 14 million head
  • Oil (Crude): 145 million tons
  • Natural Gas: 26,300 million m³

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