Mastering Causative and Passive Voice in English

The Causative

• a) I paint my house every year. = Yo pinto mi casa cada año.
• b) I have my house painted every year. = Yo tengo mi casa pintada todos los años.
• c) I get my house painted every year. = Yo tengo pintada mi casa cada año.
• a) I repaired my car. = Yo reparé mi coche.
• b) I had/got my car repaired. = Yo hice reparar mi coche.

Causative Examples

1. I didn't cut my hair myself. I had my hair cut.
   - Yo no me corté el pelo yo mismo. Yo hice cortar mi pelo.
2. Jill didn't make her dress. She had it made in Paris.
   - Jill no fabricó su vestido. Ella hizo fabricarlo en París.
3. I'm not painting the kitchen myself. I am having the kitchen painted.
   - Yo no pinté la cocina yo mismo. Yo hice pintar mi cocina.
4. We didn't frame these pictures. We had them framed.
   - Nosotros no enmarcamos nuestras fotos. Nosotros hicimos que nos las enmarcaran.

The Passive Voice

1. (Active Simple Present) My brother does the homework in the evening.
   (Passive) The homework is done by my brother in the evening.
   - Los deberes son hechos por mi hermano por la noche.
2. (Active Simple Past) My brother did the homework in the evening.
   (Passive) The homework was done by my brother in the evening.
   - Los deberes fueron hechos por mi hermano por la noche.
3. (Active Present Continuous) My brother is doing the homework in the evening.
   (Passive) The homework is being done by my brother in the evening.
   - Los deberes están siendo hechos por mi hermano por la noche.
4. (Active Past Continuous) My brother was doing the homework in the evening.
   (Passive) The homework was being done by my brother in the evening.
   - Los deberes estaban siendo hechos por mi hermano por la noche.
5. (Active Present Perfect Simple) My brother has done the homework in the evening.
   (Passive) The homework has been done by my brother in the evening.
   - Los deberes han sido hechos por mi hermano por la noche.
6. (Active Past Perfect Simple) My brother had done the homework in the evening.
   (Passive) The homework had been done by my brother in the evening.
   - Los deberes habían sido hechos por mi hermano por la noche.
7. (Active Conditional) My brother would do the homework in the evening.
   (Passive) The homework would be done by my brother.
   - Los deberes serían hechos por mi hermano por la noche.
8. (Active Future) My brother will do the homework in the evening.
   (Passive) The homework will be done by my brother.
   - Los deberes serán hechos por mi hermano por la noche.

Irregular Verbs

• Be = been = ser/estar
• Bite = bitten = morder
• Break = broken = romper
• Bring = brought = traer
• Build = built = construir
• Buy = bought = comprar
• Choose = chosen = elegir
• Come = come = venir
• Do = done = hacer
• Draw = drawn = dibujar
• Eat = eaten = comer
• Find = found = encontrar
• Give = given = dar
• Go = gone = ir
• Have = had = tener
• Keep = kept = guardar
• Put = put = poner
• Say = said = decir
• Speak = spoken = hablar