Latin Pronouns and Demonstratives: Declension Tables and Vocabulary
Latin Pronouns and Demonstratives
Anaphoric Pronouns (this, this, that)
Singular and plural forms:
is, ea, id / ei, ii, eae, ea
eum, eam, id, eos, eas, ea
eius, eius, eius, eorum = a = o
ei, ei, ei, eis / iis = =
eo, eo, eo, eis / iis = =
Identity Pronouns (same)
idem, eadem, idem, eiusdem, eisdem, eodem
eosdem, idem, eundem, eandem, eas
eiusdem = = eor rundem = a = o
eisdem, eidem = = = =
eodem, eadem, eodem, eisdem = =
Ipse Pronouns (the same, himself)
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, ipsa, ipsa, ipsi
ipsum, ipsam, ipsos, ipsas, ipsa
ipsius = = ipsorum = a = o
ipsi, ipsis = = = =
ipso, ipsa, ipso, ipsis = =
Latin Demonstratives
Singular
Masc / Fem / Masc / Fem / Neuter / Neuter / Neuter / Masc / Fem
ista, haec, hoc, hic, iste, ille, illa, illud, istud
istum, hunc, hanc, hoc, illum, illam, illud, istud
huius, huius, huius, istius, istius, illius, illius, illius, istius
huic, huic, huic, isti, isti, isti, illi, illi, illi
hoc, hac, hoc, isto, ista, isto, illo, illa, illo
Plural
hi, hae, haec, ista, isti, isti, illae, illi, illa
isti, hae, haec, istos, hos, ista, haec, illa, illas, illos
horum, horum, horum, istorum, istorum, istorum, illorum, illarum, illorum
his, his, his, istis, istis, istis, illis, illis, illis
Vocabulary
- iter, itineris: road, march
- legio: legion
- miles: soldier
- signum: sign, signal
- vultus: face
- indignus: unworthy
- levis: light
- parvus: small
- ago, agere, egi, actum: to do, to act
- video, videre, vidi, visum: to see
- coniux: spouse
- nuptiae: wedding, marriage
- uxor: wife
- eques, equitis: horseman, knight
- mos, moris: custom
- clamo: to shout
- clamor: shout
- crepitus: thud
- gemitus: groan
- strepitus: crash, crackling
- gladius: sword
- locus: place
- postulatum: request
- tempus, temporis: time
- do, dare: to give
- iuvo: to help
Relative Pronouns
Masc / Fem / Neuter / Masc / Fem / Neuter
qui, quae, quod, qui, quae, quae
quem, quam, quod, quos, quas, quae
cuius, cuius, cuius, quorum, quarum, quorum
cui, cui, cui, quibus, quibus, quibus
quo, qua, quo, quibus, quibus, quibus
Interrogative Pronouns
The most frequent question words are: quis / quid (who? / what?), quae and quod (which?). uter, utra, utrum means "which of the two?". The declension of the relative is the same, except in the nominative singular. uter, utra, utrum is declined like pulcher, pulchra, pulchrum, with the exception of the genitive and dative singular: utrius and utri.
Indefinite Pronouns
Indefinite pronouns are numerous and formed by adding prefixes or suffixes to other pronouns (quis / qui, quae / qua, quod): someone, some, something.
Compounds of quis
aliquis / aliqui, aliquid / aliquod: someone, some, something.
quidam, quaedam / quoddam: a certain one.
quisque, quaeque / quodque: each one, every one.
Compounds of uter
uterque, utraque, utrumque: each one, both.
neuter, neutra, neutrum: neither.
Other indefinite pronouns
alius, alia, aliud: other.
alter, altera, alterum: the other (of two).
nullus, nulla, nullum: none.
solus, sola, solum: alone.
totus, tota, totum: whole, all.
ullus, ulla, ullum: any.
Latin Numbers
The Romans did not know the zero, and they used letters to represent numbers. Current numbers are declined as follows:
Masc / Fem / Masc / Fem / Neuter / Neuter / Masc/Fem / Neuter
unus, una, unum, duo, duae, duo, unum, tres, tria
unius, unius, unius, duorum, duarum, duorum, trium, trium
uni, uni, uni, duobus, duabus, duobus, tribus, tribus
unum, unam, unum, duos, duas, duo, tres, tria