Key English Grammar Concepts: Modals, Reported Speech, Vocabulary

Modal Verbs: Usage and Practice

Modal Verbs for Possibility and Deduction

• You might feel...
• They may forget...
• She must be ill.
• You can't have a...
• Peace could relax you.

Modal Verbs for Obligation and Necessity

• You mustn't smoke.
• He has to visit.
• You ought to go.
• We need to study.
• They have to walk.
• You must make...

Modal Verbs: Mixed Practice

• don't have to
• should
• mustn't
• should
• can
• may
• could
• ought to

Modal Verbs: Further Examples

• shouldn't
• could
• can't
• must
• might
• should

Modal Verbs with Base Forms

• 1. recover
• 2. gain
• 3. start
• 4. have

Reported Speech and Crime Vocabulary

Reported Statements and Narratives

• TP said it was very late.
• TM said he was just going home.
• TMA said he had been to a party.
• TP said he didn't believe him.
• TM said he could prove it, and that he would have to...

Direct and Indirect Speech Examples

• "I have never seen him before," said the witness.
• TM pointed a gun at him, he told the police.
• "I was too frightened to sound the alarm," said the...
• "I want to see my lawyer," said TC.
• "You can smoke...," said TP.

Reported Questions

• TP asked the woman if she was all right.
• He asked where she lived.
• He asked if she had seen TMB.
• He asked if he would sign TS.
• TW asked if she could see them.

Reported Commands and Requests

• He told her not to move.
• He told her not to speak.
• He told her to walk.
• He told her to open.
• He told her to do it.

Verb Forms in Reported Speech (Set 1)

• go
• closing
• she
• stay
• having

Crime-Related Vocabulary: Verbs and Nouns

• 1. escape
• 2. illegally
• 3. investigate
• 4. be punished

• stolen
• burgling
• shoplifter
• rob
• vandals

Verb Forms in Reported Speech (Set 2)

This section appears to be a duplicate of the previous one.

• go
• closing
• she
• stay
• having

Reported Speech Scenarios

• She said she had been mugged and had lost her...
• She said she needed to ring...
• He said he would lend her...
• He said he was...
• He said he was going to send him...
• She said she had run off with her...
• He said he had had...
• He said he hadn't run after her.

Reported Speech: Complex Examples

• TP asked her how tall the thief was.
• SS suggested that she go through the park.
• TB told him not to turn the light on.
• JS stated he had never vandalized anything.
• TDA asked him if he could ask him...

Verbs for Reporting Speech

• order
• explain
• deny
• ask
• apologize
• agree
• declare
• demand

Reported Speech: Further Practice

• TP told him not to touch.
• TP said that it was.
• TW accused him of stealing.
• TP asked if she could see.
• TP apologized for wasting.
• TP demanded to release him.
• TM stated that she had.
• TM asked him to get him.

Advanced Modal Structures

Modal Verbs for Ability and Possibility

• can't
• can
• will you be able to
• couldn't
• can't
• hasn't been able to

Modal Verbs for Obligation and Lack of Necessity

• You mustn't.
• You need.
• You mustn't.
• They must.
• They need.
• They must.
• They needn't.
• They needn't.

Perfect Modals for Past Deductions and Regrets

• They couldn't have got home so...
• We shouldn't have eaten that seafood.
• Should you have told him?
• He must have taken the...
• He may have gone to hospital.
• You should have picked me up from home.

Exercise Codes and Sequences

Multiple Choice Answers

D, A, C, B

Complex Code Sequences

• Cl+S+C+T+P
• T+R+To+Th+n+t+Ca+tp
• P+S+th+H+L+m+t+Mo
• t+PW+Td+h+to+Lv+t+bLD+Im

Descriptive Code Sequences

• T+V+R+A+quickly
• T+M+E+F+ the police easily
• T+B+G+S+C+E
• P+T+G+D+slowly

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