Essential Biological Tissues and Reproductive Methods

Biology25 Apr 20262.85 KB

Biological Tissues and Systems

Elastic Cartilage: Found in the auricle, auditory ducts, epiglottis, and larynx.
Bone Tissue: A living structure formed by intercellular material impregnated with inorganic salts. Bone is constantly remodeling and serves as a significant reservoir for calcium and phosphorus.
Dentin: Similar to bone, but covered by enamel, the hardest material in the human body.
Blood: A circulating liquid tissue that transports nutrients throughout the body and removes waste products.
Hematopoietic Tissue: Red bone marrow responsible for blood cell formation.
Lymphoid Tissue: Found in lymph nodes, thymus, spleen, tonsils, and adenoids; vital for immune system development and function.
Reticuloendothelial System: A network of connective tissue containing phagocytes that provide immune defense.
Smooth Muscle: Found in viscera; its fibers are involuntary, meaning they function without conscious control.
Striated Muscle: Also called skeletal muscle or meat; its fibers have horizontal striations and are under voluntary control.
Cardiac Muscle: Features characteristics of both smooth and striated muscle.
Nervous Tissue: Composed of neurons and neuroglia. It coordinates body functions and environmental adaptation. Neurons form nervous pathways, while neuroglia support the neurons.

Bipartition: Organisms divide via mitosis (e.g., bacteria).
Fragmentation: A piece of an organism produces the missing parts (e.g., some invertebrates).
Sporulation: Formation of spores (e.g., fungi).
Budding: Development of a bud.
Parthenogenesis: Virgin birth.

Anisogamy: One gamete is large and the other is small (e.g., fish).
Isogamy: Gametes are of equal size and lack movement.
Oogamy: One gamete is large and immobile, while the other is small and mobile.
Hermaphroditism: A single organism possesses both reproductive systems and produces both types of gametes.