English Vocabulary: Idioms, Phrasal Verbs and Irregular Verbs
War and Peace Vocabulary
WAR AND PEACE:
- Riot (disturbio) / Demonstrate (manifestarse) / Turmoil (axitación) / Placard (pancarta) / Peace treaty (tratado de paz)
- Casualty (baixas de guerra) / Injured (lesión) / Wound (ferida de arma) / Aftermath (período de tempo despois da guerra) / Ceasefire-truce (alto o fogo)
Idioms
- Open old wounds (abrir vellas feridas)
- Burn your bridges (pechar portas)
- Fight a losing battle (loitar nunha batalla perdida)
- Set your sight on (poñer empeño en algo)
- Bury the hatchet (deixar de ser inimigos)
- Jump the gun (reaccionar impulsivamente)
- Drop a bombshell (soltar un bombazo)
- Stick to your guns (manterse firme)
Verb-Noun Collocations
- Takeover (tomar o control)
- Shake off (sacarse de enriba)
- Cause (causar)
- Pronounce (dictar sentenza)
- Laugh off (tomarse de coña)
- Take advice
- Acquire a reputation (adquirir)
- Administer (administrar)
- Provoke
Collocations
- Make a breakthrough (facer unha avance)
- Launch an attack (lanzar un ataque)
- Put up resistance / Suffer casualties
- Grind to a halt / standstill (estancarse)
- Break a stalemate (romper o bloqueo)
- Inflict losses (infligir perdas)
- Call up reinforcements (pedir reforzos)
- Claim victory (reclamar vitoria)
Sleep
- Daydream (soñar esperto)
- Not to sleep a wink (non pegar ollo)
- Sleep on it (consultar a almofada)
- Dream about (soño real)
- Dream of (o que me gustaría facer)
- Sleep-deprived (privado de sono)
- Sleep it off (durmir a mona)
- Sleepwalk (sonámbulo)
- Sleep like a log (durmir como un tronco)
- Take a nap / snooze (cabecear)
- Sleepless night (non durmir)
Predict
- Predict (something happening in the future)
- Forecast (future based on information, scientific)
- Anticipate (believe that something will happen)
- Project (estimate something's price, size)
- Prophesy (will happen in the future using magic)
- Expect (believe somebody will do something)
Formal Verbs
- Need - require
- Happen - occur
- Carry out - conduct
- Stop - cease
- Ask - request
- Find - locate
- Buy - purchase
- Control - regulate
- Allow - permit
- Keep - retain
- Help - assist
- Get - obtain
- Choose - select
- Promise - assure
Travelling
- A break (short holiday)
- A outing (saída escolar breve)
- Excursion (short journey for pleasure)
- Journey (act of travelling)
- Tour (visit several places)
- Expedition
- Pilgrimage
- Trip (journey for a place and back)
- Voyage (long journey)
- Travels (short holiday)
Phrasal Verbs
- Walk up to (achegarse a alguén)
- Walk off (asentarse - you are upset)
- Run away (escape)
- Run something by somebody (tell an idea to see their reaction)
- Walk over somebody (criticize somebody)
- Run out of (finish a supply)
- Run into somebody (meet somebody by chance)
- Run somebody down (treat somebody badly)
- Walk out (leave a relation)
- Walk in (enter a room unintentionally)
Synonyms of Walk
- Creep (arrastrarse)
- Limp (coxear)
- March (marchar)
- Plod (andar con dificultade)
- Saunter (ir de paseo)
- Stumble (tambalearse)
- Traipse (andar con dificultade)
- Wander (deambular)
- Sneak (a hurtadillas)
- Stagger (tambalearse por alcohol)
- Stride (paso longo / zancada)
- Stroll (paseo)
- Strut (con chuleria)
- Tiptoe (de puntillas)
- Trudge (andar con dificultade)
Irregular Verbs
Regular repetitions: bet, cost, cut, hit, hurt (danar), let, outspread (extender), put, set, shut (pechar), split (derramar), spread (espandir), sweat (suar), upset (molestar)
Lay - laid (tumbarse) / Melt - melted / Mow - mowed (segar) / Pay - paid / Say - said / Shave - shaved / Show - showed / Bleed - bled (sangrar) / Feed - fed (alimentar) / Hear - heard / Lead - led (dirixir) / Mislead - misled (enganar) / Read - read / Speed - sped (acelerar)
Blend - blent (misturar) / Bend - bent (dobrar) / Bless - blest (bendecir) / Deal - dealt / Dream - dreamt / Feel - felt / Keep - kept / Lean - leant (inclinar) / Leap - leapt (saltar) / Leave - left (deixar) / Shoot - shot / Smell - smelt (ulir) / Spill - spilt (estropear) / Sweep - swept (barrer) / Weep - wept (chorar)
Arise - arose - arisen (plantexarse) / Ride - rode - ridden (montar) / Rise - rose - risen (aumentar) / Throw - threw - thrown (lanzar) / Fly - flew - flown
Mistake - mistook - mistaken / Overtake - overtook - overtaken (adiantar) / Shake - shook - shaken (axitar) / Forbid - forbade - forbidden (prohibir) / Beat - beat - beaten (gañar) / Bite - bit - bitten (morder)
Awake - awoke - awoken (levantarse) / Wake - woke - woke / Freeze - froze - frozen / Steal - stole - stolen (roubar) / Bear - bore - born (nacer) / Swear - swore - sworn (xurar) / Tear - tore - torn (arrancar) / Hide - hid - hidden / Lie - lay - lain (mentir)
Dig - dug - dug (escavar) / Swing - swung - swung (balancearse) / Bring - brought - brought / Catch - caught - caught / Fight - fought - fought / Shine - shone - shone (brillar) / Sit - sat - sat (estar sentado) / Spit - spat - spat (cuspir)
Misunderstand - misunderstood - misunderstood (malentender) / Stand - stood - stood (estar de pé) / Hold - held - held (soster) / Light - lit - lit (alumear) / Become - became - become (volver) / Come - came - come / Overcome - overcame - overcome (superar) / Run - ran - run / Begin - began - begun (comezar) / Ring - rang - rung / Sing - sang - sung / Sink - sank - sunk (afundirse) / Swim - swam - swum