English Verb Tenses and Language Functions Explained

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Verb Forms and Tenses

  • Gerund: Loving
  • Passive Participle: Loved
  • Composite Compound: Having loved

Indicative Mood

  • Gerund (Present): Having loved
  • Preterite: You loved
  • Past Perfect Simple: Have loved
  • Future: Will love
  • Conditional: Would love
  • Perfect Aspect: I would love, has, we, ye, loved
  • Pluperfect: Have had, 'd, had, has, blame, ye
  • Past: Had loved
  • Before: I had, hubiste, there, we had, hubisteis
  • Future Perfect: Had loved, abré, you've, will, we, you will have
  • Conditional Perfect: Would, would have, habríais, have loved

Subjunctive Mode

  • Present: Love
  • Preterite: Loved, love you, love her, we loved, kneading loved me, amaseis loved, love each, amar
  • Future: Love, ye have, amaren
  • Past Perfect: You, has, we, ye, have
  • Pluperfect: Hubiera loved, had, 'd, hubieses, had, hubiéramos, we had, hubierais, hubieseis, hubieran, loved
  • Future Perfect: Had been, teres, any, hubiéremos, hubiereis, hubieren, loved

Imperative Mood

  • Tuteo Form: Loves your beloved (and love one), you (or you)
  • How: You love, you love, respect

Functions of Language

  • Expressive or Emotive: The sender expresses feelings or emotional states (e.g., "That is difficult!", "Anda!", "Ojalá rain!").
  • Representative or Referential: The message refers to reality (e.g., "The earth is round", "Juan Maria is very clever").
  • Appellative: Seeks to influence the listener to achieve a response (e.g., "Hear!", "Maria, look").
  • Poetic: Focuses on the message itself as the main goal (e.g., "No walking path, path made by walking").
  • Phatic: Checks that the channel is open and the partner receives the message (e.g., "The spacecraft is saying", "Man, talk about").
  • Metalinguistic: Focuses on language itself to explain the code (e.g., "Words with acute accents on the last syllable").

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