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English Learning: Vocabulary and Present Simple Grammar

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Essential English Vocabulary

Key Terms and Examples

  • Travel abroad: To visit a foreign country.
  • Cut production costs: This refers to reducing the expenses of manufacturing. Example: To make money, you need to cut production costs.
  • Share: To partake of, use, experience, occupy, or enjoy with others; to have in common.
  • Flexible schedule: Our schedule in this job is very flexible.
  • Company revenue: Last year, the company's revenue was over $40 billion.
  • VAT (Value Added Tax): The estimated costs for the new building include VAT (Value Added Tax).

English-Catalan Vocabulary List

  • Desk = Taula de treball
  • Turn on = Engegar/encendre
  • Involve = Involucrar
  • Meeting = Reunió
  • Hardly ever = Gairebé mai
  • Often = Sovint
  • Spend time = Perdre/malgastar el temps
  • Take a call = Agafar una trucada
  • Balanced diet = Dieta equilibrada
  • Colleague = Company de feina

Translation Practice: Catalan Sentences

Translate these sentences into English:

  1. Me'n vaig de l'oficina a les sis.
  2. Ella té reunions amb els proveïdors a les tardes.
  3. Ells van a treballar amb autobús.
  4. Ella sovint no s'aixeca ràpidament.

Grammar Focus: The Present Simple Tense

Third-Person Singular Verb Forms

Examples of verbs in the third-person singular present simple (he/she/it):

  • Catches
  • Reads
  • Comes
  • Cooks
  • Smokes
  • Drinks
  • Starts
  • Fixes
  • Touches
  • Lives
  • Watches
  • Misses
  • Writes
  • Buys
  • Carries
  • Copies

Present Simple Tense: Negative Sentences

Examples of negative sentences in the present simple:

  1. I like football, but I don't like cricket at all.
  2. She lives in Japan, but she doesn't speak a word of Japanese.
  3. I'm sorry, I don't remember your name.
  4. He works in New York, but I don't know what he does.
  5. Mary's really tired, but she doesn't want to go to bed.
  6. We don't want a big flat, just one bedroom.
  7. Phil doesn't work very hard, but he makes a lot of money.
  8. Ann's parents don't think I'm the right man for their daughter.

Present Simple Tense: Questions

Examples of questions in the present simple:

  1. What time does the plane leave?
  2. What time does the class start?
  3. What time does the train arrive?
  4. How do you spell that?
  5. What do these words mean?
  6. Does she live with her parents?
  7. Do you like your new job?
  8. Do I speak Italian well?
  9. Do they work hard at university?
  10. Do we usually give her a birthday present?

Present Simple Tense: Affirmative Sentence Practice

Practice sentences using the present simple:

  1. Children ask a lot of questions.
  2. She goes to college on her bike.
  3. A lot of birds fly south in the winter.
  4. She studies very hard at the weekends.
  5. My father watches TV most evenings.
  6. He understands Arabic.
  7. He fights with his brother.
  8. Big dogs like a lot of exercise.
  9. He's very naughty – he pushes other children.
  10. Lessons start at 8:35 every morning.

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