English Language Basics with Spanish Translations

English Question Words

What (qué), where (dónde), when (cuándo), how (cómo), who (quién), and why (por qué).

Adverbs of Manner: Spelling and Usage

Adverbs of manner describe how an action is performed. Common examples include:

• Bad (badly)
• Beautiful (beautifully)
• Terrible (terribly)
• Fantastic (fantastically)
• Good (well)
• Fast (fast)

Verb Tenses and Grammar Rules

Present Continuous

The present continuous is formed using be + -ing.

Past Simple of the Verb "To Be"

• I was
• You were
• He, she, or it was
• We were
• You were
• They were

Past Simple: Regular and Irregular Verbs

Examples: I went, you went, etc.

• Questions: Did I...? Did you...?
• Negative: I didn't...

Spelling for regular verbs:

• Invent (invented)
• Arrive (arrived)
• Study (studied)

Future with "Be Going To"

Structure: I am going to, you are going to, etc.

• Questions: Am I going to swim?
• Negative: I am not going to dance.

Essential Vocabulary

Countries and Nationalities

Australia (Australian), Belgium (Belgian), Canada (Canadian), China (Chinese), Colombia (Colombian), Ecuador (Ecuadorian), France (French), Ireland (Irish), Japan (Japanese), Mexico (Mexican), Morocco (Moroccan), Romania (Romanian), Spain (Spanish), the UK (British), the USA (American).

Parts of the Body

Arm (brazo), ear (oreja), eye (ojo), face (cara), finger (dedo), foot (pie), hair (pelo), hand (mano), leg (pierna), mouth (boca), neck (cuello), nose (nariz), tail (cola), thumb (pulgar), toe (dedo del pie), tooth (diente).

Food and Ingredients

Apple (manzana), bread (pan), cake (tarta), carrots (zanahorias), cheese (queso), fish (pescado), ice cream (helado), meat (carne), milk (leche), nuts (nueces), pasta (pasta), potatoes (patatas), strawberries (fresas), yoghurt (yogur).

Prepositions of Place

On (encima de), in (en), behind (detrás de), opposite (opuesto), between (entre), next to (al lado de/cerca de), in front of (enfrente de), near (cerca).

Nature and Environment

River (río), snow (nieve), ice (hielo), island (isla), forest (bosque), trees (árboles).

Action Verbs and Sports

Catch (atrapar), dance (bailar), dive (sumergirse), hit (golpear), jump (saltar), kick (patada), win (ganar), lose (perder), run (correr), score (marcar), shout (gritar), throw (lanzar), train (entrenar), walk (andar).

Descriptive Adjectives

Boring (aburrido), dangerous (peligroso), difficult (difícil), easy (fácil), exciting (excitante), fun (divertido), interesting (interesante).

Furniture and Home Items

Armchair (sillón), bed (cama), bookcase (estantería), chair (silla), cooker (cocina), cupboard (armario), desk (pupitre), lamp (lámpara), mirror (espejo), sofa (sofá), table (mesa), toilet (baño), wardrobe (armario ropero).

Electronics and Appliances

Camera (cámara), dishwasher (lavavajillas), fridge (nevera), laptop (portátil), microwave (microondas), remote control (mando a distancia), toothbrush (cepillo eléctrico), washing machine (lavadora).

Transport, Seasons, and Weather

Transport: Boat (barco), lorry (camión), coach (autobús).
Seasons: Spring (primavera), summer (verano), autumn (otoño), winter (invierno).
Weather: Cloudy (nublado), cold (frío), dry (seco), hot (calor), rainy (lluvioso), snowy (nevado), stormy (tormentoso), sunny (soleado), warm (cálido/calentar), wet (mojado), windy (ventoso).