Common Fish Diseases and Post-Capture Quality Changes

Fish Diseases Prior to Capture

Bacterial Diseases

• Mycobacterium piscium: Manifested by tuber-like bumps appearing in the spleen, kidneys, liver, and skeleton of some fish.
• Collogenes bacillus: Causes hemorrhagic exophthalmia.

Viral Diseases

External injuries can induce internal changes:

• Lymphocystis disease: Nodules appear scattered throughout the body. It affects a large number of species, both marine and freshwater.
• Infectious nephritis in trout: Manifested by anemia and degeneration of the liver and kidneys.

Protozoan Diseases

• Trypanosoma: Typically affects eels and rays.
• Eimeria: Common in sardines and mackerel.
• Amoebiasis: Occurs in salmonids.

Metazoan Diseases

These are significant due to their potential to cause zoonotic diseases in humans. The most common include:

• Tapeworms: Specifically Diphyllobotrium latum.
• Anisakis larvae: Common in the entrails of some fish; while they may not cause disease in the fish, some humans develop severe allergies to these larvae.

Fungal Diseases

. Sweet aprolegia s pollution that affects the skin, eyes and gills of carp. In marine species such as mackerel or herring are pollution Ichthyosporidium Hofer. * Alterations after the capture of fish
at the same time the animal is caught 1) biochemical changes: responsible for the appearance of rigor mortis and the partial Micromorphology disintegration of the muscle. thru appear
changes in proteins and lipids.
2) organoleptic changes: changes in color: the oxidation of carotenoids produces skin tones grogueses, red, orange or descoloracions. The color black -> melanin. oxidation in muscle cromoproteïnes -> gray and brown.
softening and loss of elasticity -> activity and endogenous protein in bacteria. estranyesc smells -> volatile substances (trimethylamine, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide)

cold waters: Pseudomonas, Alteromonas, Acinetobacter, Escherichia, Proteus, Serratia warm waters ... g + Micrococcus, and Corinebacterium bacilli. The presence of pathogens is
typical of fish from coastal regions little healthy: E Clostridium botulinum, Salmonella, Shigella and fecal parasites and viruses.

psicròtrofa -5 ° C.
Clostridium botulinum type E. 80 ° C for 20 minutes destroys the spores and a pH below 5.3 inhibited multiplication and toxinogènesi. Vibrio parahaemolyticus (Gastroenteritis.