British vs American English and Grammar Reference
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British and American English Vocabulary
- Car park: Parking lot
- Cinema: Movie theater
- City center: Downtown
- Flat: Apartment
- Garden: Yard
- Ground floor: First floor
- Lift: Elevator
- Pavement: Sidewalk
- Shop: Store
- Shopping center: Mall
Common English Idioms
- A fish out of water: Como un pez fuera del agua
- Hold your horses: Para el carro
- Kill two birds with one stone: Matar dos pájaros de un tiro
- Let the cat out of the bag: Descubrir el pastel
- Smelled a rat: Hay gato encerrado
English Synonyms and Definitions
- Shore = Beach: Playa
- Spare = Extra = Leisure: Tiempo libre
- Source = Origin: Origen
- Ruler = Leader: Gobernante
- Huge = Very big: Enorme
- Resort = Holiday complex: Complejo turístico
Weather Expressions and Collocations
- Bitter: Cold and wind
- Heavy: Rain, snowfall
- Mild: Temperatures, weather
- Scorching: Heat, temperatures
- Severe: Storms, weather
- Thick: Clouds, fog
Infinitives and Gerunds Usage
Infinitives (INF)
Structure: to + verb / not to + verb (significa "para").
Gerunds (GER)
Structure: verb + -ing / not + verb + -ing (usado como sujeto de la frase y después de preposiciones). Se utiliza con verbos como: admit, enjoy, hate, miss, avoid, imagine, like, put off, consider, finish, love, spend, deny, go on, mind, suggest.
The Correct Order of Adjectives
When using multiple adjectives, follow this order: Opinion, Size, Age, Shape, Colour, Origin, Material.
Essential English Vocabulary List
- Steel: Acero
- Storey: Piso
- Reach for: Alcanzar
- Run out: Se acaba
- Support: Apoyar
- Huge: Enorme
- Leisure: Tiempo libre
- Major: Importantísimo
- Narrow: Estrecho
- Spare: Libre
- Customer: Cliente
- Fad: Moda pasajera
- Fee: Tarifa
- Claim: Afirmar
- Long for: Observar / Anhelar
- Pick up: Recoger
- Release: Liberar
- Cosy: Abrigado o cómodo
- Endangered: Peligro de extinción
- Fierce: Feroz
- Hectic: Ajetreado
- Overpopulated: Superpoblado
- Tame: Domesticar
- Unfair: Injusto
- Better off: Sería mejor
- No matter what: No importa lo que
- Short of: A falta de
- Background: Conocimiento
- Drought: Sequía
- Forecasts: Predicción
- Path: Camino
- Avoid: Evitar
- Gather: Recoger
- Melt: Derretir
- Run: Llevar
- Shiver: Temblar
- Slip: Resbalarse
- Strike: Golpear
- Witness: Presenciar
- Skilled: Especializado
- Slippery: Resbaladizo
English Grammar and Verb Tenses
Future Tenses
- Will: Predicciones, decisiones instantáneas y plan horario fijo del futuro.
- Going to: Acción planeada para el futuro o acción que va a pasar.
- Future Perfect (By): Will have + verb (-ed or 3rd column).
- Future Continuous (At this time): Will be + verb (-ing).
Relative Pronouns
Common relatives include: Which, That, Who, Whom, Whose, Where, When.
Past and Present Tenses
- Present Perfect: Since, yet, already, recently — Have + verb (3rd column).
- Past Simple: Ago, last, yesterday, in 1990 — Verb + -ed or 2nd column.
- Present Simple: Always, every, once a week and general events — Subject + verb.
- Present Continuous: Now, today — Am/Is/Are + verb (-ing).