Aspectual and Modal Periphrasis in Spanish

Among the aspectual periphrasis (how the action is seen by the speaker, emphasizing a developmental phase of the verbal action), we have:

• Ingressive aspectual: an action that is about to begin (I'm about to study).
• Inchoative aspectual: indicates the action that begins (I begin to study).
• Durative aspectual: indicating an action that is being developed (I'm studying).
• Perfective aspectual: indicating a completed action (arrest, process, left to study).
• Resumptive aspectual: resuming the interrupted action (still studying).
• Terminative aspectual: indicating the exact point of termination of action (I just conclude, end of study).
• Resultative aspectual: which considered the action as a result (I studied).
• Habitual aspectual: repeating the action several times (I usually study).
• Repetitive aspectual: repeat the action once (back to study).
• Retrospective durative aspectual: which adopt an action from the past and continue to do this (I lead, I study).
• Prospective durative aspectual: which start the action from the present and extending into the future (I'll read and you are copying).

Among the modal periphrasis (speaker's attitude to the action) of Castilian include:

• The modal periphrasis of obligation (I have to study, study, have to study, I study). The obligation may be absolute or relative.
• The modal periphrasis of possibility (I study).
• The modal periphrasis of probability (must meet).

Indicative Mood

Subjunctive Mood