Agroindustrial Complexes and North American Farming Belts

Agroindustrial Complexes and Modern Production

Agroindustrial complexes are a set of interrelated economic activities where agricultural production processes are combined with other industries and services. Fundamentally, this occurs in Argentina (AR), Mexico (MEX), and the USA. Their formation responds to new trends in agricultural modernization, where organization and management play a central role.

In recent decades, the agricultural production of cereals and oilseeds has been steadily rising, basing its growth on modernization and the increase of technological performance in cultivation. The soybean crop has become very important; it is used for animal feed or vegetable oil for human consumption. The transgenic soybean is a genetically modified variety used to increase this yield. Its implementation made planting more economically viable.

Agricultural Activity in Anglo-Saxon America

In Anglo-Saxon America, farming is not the main economic activity; however, it maintains great importance because:

• Production volumes are high and contribute significantly to global production.
• They are vital for the world market.
• Agroindustrial complexes play a fundamental role, involving large corporations.
• High production levels provide incentives for the development of new technologies to improve performance.

Major Agricultural Belts of North America

Milk, Wheat, and Corn Belts

Milk Belts: Since milk is a perishable product, these belts must be located close to megalopolises. One belt is situated around the Great Lakes (near the ChiPitt and BosWash corridors). On the West Coast, in the Vancouver area, a belt is installed which caters to the smaller SanSan megalopolis. All these belts breed cattle, specifically the Jersey breed.

Wheat Belt: Canada produces short-cycle wheat due to its latitude, while the U.S. produces long-cycle wheat.

Corn Belt: In the 1950s, this region engaged in producing soybeans instead of wheat. This shift was produced by a population explosion in China, increasing demand.

Cotton, Livestock, and Specialized Valleys

Cotton Belt: This belt has now diversified into various tropical crops, including tobacco, peanuts, cotton, rice, and bananas.

Livestock Belt: This exists for the purpose of beef production (specifically the Brangus breed), utilizing fixed ranches.

Valley of California: This is the primary area dedicated to the viticulture industry and the production of grapevines. Forming this valley are two major rivers: the Sacramento and the San Joaquin.