Civil Guard: The Civil Guard Corps is the first public national security force to emerge in Spain. It is an Armed Institute of a military nature that is part of the Security Forces in the country. As part of the State Security Corps, the Constitution, in Article 104, sets the primary mission of protecting the free exercise of rights and liberties of the Spanish people and guaranteeing public security under the dependence of the Government of the Nation.
Liberal Union: The Liberal Union was a Spanish political party of the second half of the nineteenth century, founded by Leopoldo O'Donnell in 1858 with the intention to unite the moderates of the absolutist reign of Elizabeth II and the less exalted progressives around it.
Prominent Figures of the First Spanish Republic
Pi y Margall: He was a politician, philosopher, jurist, and Spanish writer who became President of the Executive Branch of the First Spanish Republic from June 11 to July 18, 1873.
Emilio Castelar: A Spanish politician and writer, he served as the Chairman of the Executive Branch of the First Spanish Republic.
The Glorious Revolution and the Democratic Sexenio
The Glorious Revolution: "The Glorious" was a revolutionary uprising that took place in September 1868 and assumed the dethronement of Queen Elizabeth II and the beginning of the period known as the Democratic Sexenio.
Juan Prim: He was a military and political progressive of the nineteenth century who became President of the Council of Ministers of Spain.
The Restoration Era and Political Mechanisms
Cánovas del Castillo: A Spanish politician and historian, he was President of the Council of Ministers of Spain during most of the last quarter of the nineteenth century. He was one of the most influential figures in Spanish politics in the second half of the nineteenth century, being the greatest architect of the political system of the Restoration and leader of the Conservative Party.
Electoral Rigging (Pucherazo): The rigging was one of the methods of electoral manipulation used primarily during the Bourbon Restoration in Spain to allow the rotation previously agreed upon between the Liberal Party and the Conservative Party, known as caciques.
Encasillado (The Box): This refers to the prior negotiation between the two rotating parties to elect the candidate who will go in the "box" with more options and support from the warlords.
Bipartisanship: A political party system that favors the emergence of two political coalitions (usually antagonistic in the political spectrum) to generate positive discrimination or the exclusion of political minorities.
Práxedes Mateo Sagasta: He was a civil engineer and Spanish politician, a member of the Liberal Party of progressive hue, several times Prime Minister in the period between 1870 and 1902, and known for his rhetorical skills.
