19th-Century Spanish History: Key Events and Concepts

History30 May 20263.57 KB

Causes of Spanish American Independence

Diffusion of Enlightenment ideas: The principles of liberty and equality promoted by the French Revolution.
Success of the American Revolution: The revolt of the British colonies in North America, which ended with the proclamation of the Independence of the United States.
Creole discontent: The growing discontent of the native bourgeoisie.

The Conservative Party: A supporter of political stagnation, defense of the Church, and social order.
The Liberal Party: Seemed inclined to a more democratic, secular, and social reformism.

Seals: Organs that received radical club members who directed the political life of France during the Republican Convention.
Guerrillas: Autonomous groups consisting of armed volunteers who harass the enemy.
Pronunciamiento (Statement): A military uprising aimed at achieving power or pressuring to change the political situation.
Regent (Ruler): A person designated to exercise royal powers in the event of the monarch being unable to do so.
Census Suffrage: The right to vote limited only to people with great wealth or income.
Notables: Economically and socially powerful people due to their wealth, social origins, or position in the organs of power.
Regenerationism (Regeneration): An intellectual and political movement in Spain in the late nineteenth century that proposed to end the corrupt political system of the Restoration, address the unequal distribution of land, and promote education to raise the cultural level of the Spanish people.
Caciquismo: A corrupt electoral system that manipulated elections, not hesitating to falsify records or buy votes.
Ostend Pact: An alliance of politically marginalized groups that came together to present an alternative method based on the democratization of political life and economic recovery.