Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and exercises for Social sciences for University

EU Institutional Setup: From ECSC to Present

Historical Context: The ECSC (1951)

• High Authority: An institution independent of Member State (MS) governance, composed of civil servants with executive power over Coal and Steel.
• Assembly: Composed of members of national parliaments, representing the legislative branch.
• Council: Composed of ministers from the MS.
• Court of Justice: Composed of jurists of recognized prestige from the MS judicial systems.

The Modern EU Institutional Structure

• EU Commission: The successor to the High Authority.
• EU Parliament: The successor to the original Assembly.
• Council of the EU: The successor to the original Council (often referred to simply as the Council).
• European Court of Justice (ECJ): The successor to the original

What is the Role of the European Council?

The European Council is composed of the Heads of Government of each member state of the European Union, the President of the European Commission, and the High Representative for Foreign Affairs & Security Policy.

The European Council is in charge of designating the High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy.

After the European Parliament elections, the European Council proposes a candidate for the post of President of the European Commission. When deciding on their nominee, the European Council considers the outcome of the European Parliament elections.

The choice of the candidate requires a qualified majority.

The European Council can also choose to end the High Representative'...

Kenya vs Basque Education Systems

Comparing Kenya and Basque education systems

Education systems differ depending on the country and its status, producing different results. Because of that, we compare two countries to demonstrate the similarities and differences between them. Although education systems vary, there are also some common characteristics.

Geography and Demographics

Geographical and demographical location

Kenya is a state located in the African Great Lakes region of East Africa, whereas the Basque Country is situated in the north of Spain and in the south of France. Kenya's capital and largest city is Nairobi. According to some research, there were around 44,037,656 inhabitants in 2013. The Basque Country is divided into seven provinces...

6) State Structure and the "First Device"

The Spanish Constitution (EC) in its Article 2 does not establish a definitive model of the state structure but is limited to establishing basic elements, allowing great flexibility in shaping the state model that has been shaped through the adoption of different Statutes of Autonomy.

The lack of definition of a closed state model shows that the EC does not determine whether the state should be formed by regions, how many, or which ones, nor what territory. Article 152 simply outlines its internal organization.

The constitutional uncertainty on these issues and the ability of the constituted territories to form new regional governments, while respecting constitutional limits, is what is called the "first...

PROMAMA Intervention: Early Childhood Activities

This approach is based on transactional and ecological models, focusing on:

• A child's overall care
• Family dynamics
• The surrounding environment

Candel's Three Types of Activities

According to Candel, we can utilize three types of activities:

1. Routine Activities: Regularly occurring activities that offer skills providing immediate benefit to the child.

2. Child-Initiated Activities: Designed to capture and maintain the child's attention and interest.

3. Planned Activities: These allow the child to initiate engagement. Key considerations include:

   • Follow the child's lead, especially when their behavior is less receptive.
   • Introduce planned activities that are meaningful.
   • Observe and provide opportunities for skill improvement.

Development of Social and Labor Policies

Introduction: This document analyzes the political and institutional issues affecting the development of social and labor policies (SLP). The development of SLP follows the same process as any other economic policy. In this process, the State, as a political decision-maker (policy-maker), must continually set priorities and choose between different, often conflicting, alternatives. Throughout the process of economic and social action, many actors are concerned with or affected by these policies. This process may vary with the ideology or the type of government. However, whatever the form of government and decision-making mechanism, policy-making always has a few stages and some key actors.

Overview of

Network Support: Internal and External Support Services

Internal Support Services Center: Teacher Support

• Set up internal support by school professionals (teacher support for integration, support teacher training in schools in areas of remedial education)
• Duties of teacher support (Jordan, 1994): restorative and preventive model (see table in the book, pp. 231)
• Changing roles of teacher support:

• From individual deficit approach to global learning approaches.
• From therapeutic positions to curriculum positions.
• From preventive model to restorative model.

• Support Teacher: assists teachers in the curriculum adaptation process and cooperates with all teaching staff to develop strategies, materials, etc. to facilitate the inclusion of all students in the

Understanding International Economic Organization (IEO) Theories

The study of International Economic Organization (IEO) is a discipline that analyzes economic reality through the lens of international economic organizations. It's crucial to distinguish IEO (the field of study) from international economic organizations (ieo), which refers to the actual entities themselves.

With a clear definition of IEO, we can now examine the analytical methods and diverse schools of thought within this field.

Analytical Methods in IEO Studies

Two primary branches can be distinguished in IEO study methodology:

• Philosophical Reflection: This approach focuses on how international organizations should be. It was a predominantly philosophical method that prevailed until

Teacher Roles and Responsibilities

Technical-Pedagogical Role

Applying specific knowledge to students.

Administrative and Labor Role

A worker within a hierarchical structure who also participates in management.

Intellectual Role

Selecting content, determining what is relevant for teaching, and conveying values according to their worldview.

Types of Educational Institutions

Schools are classified into public and private. Public schools are those operated by a public authority. Private schools are those owned by a natural or legal private person. Concerted private schools are those covered by a legally established agreement (concert).

Educational Funding Agreements (Concerts)

Preference will be given to agreements that benefit school populations with economic...

Company Policies and Their Purpose

In clearer terms, considering their purpose, we can distinguish two kinds of companies:

1. Private Companies: These have defined purposes, voluntarily chosen by their members. Their activities are aimed directly and immediately at the goal that inspired their creation through a conscious and voluntary act.
2. General-Purpose Companies: These have an indefinite and generic purpose, creating the conditions necessary for individuals and other companies that integrate into them to reach their particular purposes. Participation in these societies almost always depends on an act of will.

Companies are commonly referred to as general-purpose political societies precisely because they are not attached to a particular purpose...