Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and exercises for Religion for Secondary education

The Mission of the Disciples

Jesus was surrounded from the beginning of his sermon by a nearby group of people: the disciples. Some were called by Jesus, while others were attracted by his presence. Jesus chose twelve from among the large group of followers, calling them apostles, which means those who are sent.

The Manifestation of the Church at Pentecost

After the death of Jesus, the disciples remained united around the apostles and Mary. During that time, Jesus appeared to them several times. The Book of Acts, written by Luke, narrates how the promise was fulfilled at the feast of Pentecost: the Holy Spirit poured into the hearts of the disciples, giving them the strength to be witnesses of Jesus. The Church was born in this community of disciples....

John Milton: A Literary Profile

John Milton was a great poet who held a unique perspective on human pride. As a devout Puritan, he believed firmly in the warnings found within the Bible, illustrating them brilliantly in his masterpiece, Paradise Lost.

Born on December 9, 1608, in London, England, and passing away around November 8, 1674, Milton was an English poet, pamphleteer, and historian. He is widely considered the most significant English author after William Shakespeare.

In his prose works, Milton advocated for the abolition of the Church of England and the execution of Charles I.

Paradise Lost

Paradise Lost was first published in 10 books in 1667 and later in 12 books in 1674, spanning almost 11,000 lines. Like many classical epics, Paradise

Feudalism in Western Europe

When: From the 9th century until the early Modern Period (15th century).

Where: In Western Europe (Charlemagne's Empire).

What: A political, social, and economic system.

The Feudal Pact and Vassalage

The kings lost power and shared it with the clergy and nobility through the feudal pact.

• The Lord: Usually the king, he needs to form an army of faithful warriors. He hands over a fief (an area of land) which the vassal lives on and is in charge of. The pact is sealed at the homage ceremony; in it, the lord invests the vassal with the fief.
• The Vassal: A noble who obtains land in exchange for military aid. He is obliged to assist the lord in war by providing armed men and giving advice. At the homage ceremony, the vassal swears

The Book of the Gentile and the Three Sages

This book presents a discussion on the truth or falsity of Christianity, Judaism, and Islam. In this work, Ramon Llull demonstrates great knowledge of Judaism and Islam, combining dialogue between scholars with three expansions. It serves as an idealized description of the lyrical nature of science and a vision of art as encyclopedic. It describes the general to explain the diversity of reality, offering an original compilation of similarities. These stories demonstrate concrete illustrations and constant abstractions, making the work a general treatise on all sciences.

Desconhort and Other Works

The Desconhort is a work written in verse that expresses the crisis of court life and possesses an autobiographical...

The Evangelization of the World

The great discoveries of the 15th and 16th centuries opened the door to universal evangelization. Following the discovery in 1492, a major missionary expansion began. Royal laws provided for the humane treatment of Indigenous peoples and the suppression of abuses, but many exploited the natives.

These encomenderos faced great difficulties:

• Enormous distances
• Language barriers
• Cultural differences

Nevertheless, the work of the missionaries had a very positive impact. Also remarkable was the work of the Jesuits in the reductions: moving from a classical mission model to promoting the best of local cultures with great practicality, achieving significant cultural, social, and religious development.

Renaissance and Baroque