Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and exercises for Latin for Baccalaureate

Generation of '27

The Generation of '27 constitutes a group of poets linked by friendship and intellectual formation. Its name originates from the commemoration of the tercentenary of Góngora. The Spanish Civil War represented exile and even death for many of its members. While they addressed the big issues of humanity, their work highlights three broad themes: the city (representing progress), nature, and love (designed as an environment and sometimes as part of the poetic experience).

The Generation of '27 successfully renewed poetic language. They developed visionary imagery that relates objects with emotion and metaphor, combining traditional metric forms with free verse.

Prominent Poets of the Generation of '27

• Jorge Guillén: His style is

THE LYRIC FROM 1940 TO THE 70. Culturally, the Civil War (1936-1939) is a violent break with those artistic progress achieved so far, being aborted these efforts to transform the Spanish literature with technical innovators and most representative tracks century XX by our poets: while the components of Modernism and the Generation of 27 and Miguel Hernandez, who is positioned as a tight link between poetry that pre-war and post-war confrontation bélico.Tras the outlook is bleak - Some writers have died (Miguel de Unamuno, Antonio Machado, Federico García Lorca) .- Many remain in exile (Juan Ramón Jiménez and many members of the Class of 27) .- Others hope for better times in silence, experiencing a disorientation of intellectual, labeled...

Modernism vs. The Renaissance

Modernism attempts to change traditions, whereas the Renaissance seeks to retrieve them.

The Nouveau Festival

Promoted by Rusiñol at the Cau Ferrat in Sitges; its supporters were known as beauticians.

Theory of the Living Word

It is a sacred gift bestowed upon the poet; poetry is the result of inspiration and intuition.

Trends in Modernist Fiction

• Symbolism: Utilizes naturalistic elements and depicts a confrontation between the artist and society.
• Decadentism: A derivative of Romanticism that reflects a hidden reality, using abstract concepts like ugliness and color, while valuing aesthetics, eroticism, and sensuality.

Symbolist Theater vs. Regenerationism

• Symbolist Theater: Focuses on the social section with almost no

Galician New Narrative: 1960s-1970s

A heterogeneous group of authors and works from the 1960s and 1970s, including Gonzalo Rodríguez Mourullo, Xosé Luis Méndez Ferrín, Carlos Casares, and Xosé María Queizán, provided a thorough review of the trends of the preceding narrative.

Common Features

The authors, often with university degrees, were closely linked to nationalist ideology and knowledgeable about European narrative trends.

Narrator

Often a first-person narrator, focusing on introspection or detailed examination.

Protagonist

Often appears uprooted and overwhelmed by their own conscience or unknown circumstances.

Space

Becomes indefinite and intangible, contrasting with specific, known locations. Rural space dominates, acquiring symbolic importance...

The Spanish Generation of '27

A Poetic Renaissance

The Generation of '27, a prominent group of Spanish writers, emerged around 1927, coinciding with the tercentenary of Baroque poet Luis de Góngora's death. These writers, including Miguel Hernández, embraced Góngora's complex poetic style (culteranismo), which had been criticized in the 19th century. The tercentenary celebrations, including conferences and tributes at the University of Seville, served as a catalyst for the group's formation.

A literary generation comprises writers born around the same time, influenced by similar events, and sharing comparable perspectives on contemporary issues.

Defining the Generation of '27

• A Collective of Writers: Key figures include Pedro Salinas, Jorge

The Theater in Galicia Between 1965 and 1980

The socio-economic conditions existing in Galicia since the mid-sixties provided a recovery of theatrical activities.

Emergence of Theater Groups

Theater groups emerged, such as O Facho (1965), directed by Manuel Lorenzo and founded in Madrid at Teatro Circo.

In 1973, the First Exhibition of Theater of Ribadavia was celebrated to serve as a starting point and meeting place for many authors and groups of our country, such as Ditea, O Facho, Teatro Popular Keizer, Máscara 17, Artello, A Farándula, and others.

Prominent Authors of the Ribadavia Samples

Linked to these samples in Ribadavia, we have the following authors:

Euloxio Rodríguez Ruibal (Ordes, 1945)

As an author of experimental theater, his work...

Philosophical and Historical Context of Plato

PLTNCONTX: In a philosophical and historical context, this text falls into the ancient stage of philosophy, ranging from the sixth century BC with Thales of Miletus until 476 AD (the fall of the Roman Empire) or 529 AD (the decree of Emperor Justinian I to ban all pagan schools in the Empire). Plato (428/427 BC – 347 BC) was born into a noble Athenian family and lived through the dictatorship of the Thirty Tyrants, which marked the decline of Athenian democracy after the Peloponnesian War. He was heavily influenced by Pythagorean thought, which is reflected in his moral and anthropological teachings.

The text belongs to The Republic (or On Justice), a work written by the Athenian master during his...

Teresa Riera: The Matriarch

Teresa is the central character who remains present throughout the novel, from the beginning until her death at the end. Throughout her life, she is associated with three men: Nicholas, Salvador Valldaura, and Miquel Masdeu. Teresa was somewhat reserved and had three grandchildren: Maria, Ramon, and Jaime. She shared a particularly close bond with her grandson Jaime, who frequently visited her to spend afternoons in conversation. Teresa consistently sought to resolve the conflicts among her grandchildren. Unlike her relationship with Jaime, her dynamic with Ramon was more strained. Teresa often reminisced about her mother, for whom she felt great admiration. Ultimately, Teresa was a person of great heart who possessed...

Benito Jerónimo Feijoo: The Monk of Enlightenment

Benito Jerónimo Feijoo was a monk who spread the Enlightenment, a teacher at the University of Oviedo, and a royal adviser to Fernando VI. His main purpose was to educate the people. In his essays, he tried to prove the falsity of superstition and rejected the opposition to intellectual developments. These are the main ideas of his work, which are reflected in the nine volumes of the Teatro crítico universal and the five volumes of Cartas eruditas y curiosas.

José Cadalso: Precursor of Romanticism

José Cadalso (often referred to as José Gallows in literal translations) studied in Paris and is, above all, a precursor of Romantic manners. He wrote poetry and theater, but his prose is what stands...

Poetry of Antonio Machado

Created a poetry of intense emotion and great insight.

He created a poetry of intense emotion and great insight.

1.1 Conception and Poetic Themes

He defined poetry as the dialogue of a man with his time and said that poetic thought is intuitive, lived, and temporary. Time is one of his main themes; others (dreams, love) have a common root: concern with the temporal.

Dreams

Dreams — for him, the only way of knowing what the world is like. In them, boredom is the dominant emotional note. He dreamed of everything, including nature as a projection of the poet himself.

Love

Love — in his works there is little eroticism. In his more bitter poetry he incorporates references to the lack of love, caused by sadness and a sense that...