Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Computer science

JavaScript Cheat Sheet

JavaScript Arrays

var cars = ["Mercedes", "Tesla","Volvo"];

• pop(): Removes the last element of an array.
• push(): Adds a new element at the end of an array.
• concat(): Joins various arrays into a single array.
• reverse(): Reverses the order of elements in an array.
• indexOf(): Returns the first index of a given element in an array.
• lastIndexOf(): Returns the last index of a given element in an array.
• join(): Combines elements of an array into a single string.
• sort(): Sorts array elements based on a condition.

Global Functions

These functions are built-in to every browser that runs JavaScript:

• parseFloat(): Parses the argument and returns a floating-point number.
• parseInt(): Parses the argument and returns an integer.
• Number(): Returns a

• Automovilismo
• Inicio

Escudería:
Precio:
Clave:

Disponibilidad para probar coches:

SíNo
Fecha de alta:

¿Deseas recibir información de automóviles?:

Sí

Tipos de coches:

AudiMercedesBMWJaguar
Comentarios

Computer System Essentials

Core Operating System Components

Kernel: The OS's Foundation

The operating system's core, a platform that allows other software to execute.

Shell: User Interaction Interface

The operating system's interface for users to interact with all computer elements.

Thread: A Running Program or Task

Any program or task that is currently running.

File System: Data Storage & Retrieval Protocol

A protocol that defines how files are stored and retrieved on disk drives, or by threads and programs.

Disk Formatting: Setting a File System

The process of setting a disk's file system.

Major Operating Systems and Their Focus

• Microsoft Windows: Focuses its operating system on security.
• Linux: Emphasizes customizability.
• Chrome OS: Centered on web

Verifying Text Summaries of Relational Data Sets

AggChecker

TIME DIFFERENCE

def time_difference(time1, time2):
time1=time_to_seconds(time1)
time2=time_to_seconds(time2)
diffinsecond=time2-time1
hours=diffinsecond//3600
minutes=(diffinsecond-(hours*3600))//60
seconds=diffinsecond-(hours*3600)-(minutes*60)
return(make_time_string(hours,minutes,seconds))

# Predefined helper functions. Do not edit them.
def time_to_seconds(time):

x = list(map(int, time.split(":"))
return x[0] * 3600 + x[1]*60 + x[2]

def make_time_string(hours, mins, seconds):
return "{:02d}:{:02d}:{:02d}".format(hours, mins, seconds)

TYPE OF TRIANGLE

def triangle(side1, side2, side3):
if side1+side2<>
return "Not a triangle"
elif side1==side2 and side2==side3:
return "Equilateral"
elif...

Building a Sudoku Solver in Java with Backtracking

This document presents a Java implementation of a Sudoku solver, utilizing a classic backtracking algorithm. The code demonstrates how to represent a Sudoku board, check for valid moves, and recursively find a solution to the puzzle.

Initial Sudoku Puzzle Setup

The Sudoku board is represented as a 2D integer array. A value of 0 indicates an empty cell that needs to be filled.

int[][] board = {
  { 8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
  { 0, 0, 3, 6, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
  { 0, 7, 0, 0, 9, 0, 2, 0, 0 },
  { 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 7, 0, 0, 0 },
  { 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 5, 7, 0, 0 },
  { 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 3, 0 },
  { 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 6, 8 },
  { 0, 0, 8, 5, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 },
  { 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0 }
};

Implementing

Key Concepts in Microsoft Word and Computer Applications

1. Microsoft Word Application Type

Which type of computer application is Microsoft Word an example of?

Word processing

2. Touchscreen Right-Click

Which action enables you to right-click on a touchscreen?

Press and hold for a few seconds

3. Word 2016 Document Starting Point

A preformatted document used as a starting point in Word 2016 is known as what?

A template

4. Wordwrap Functionality

Word uses wordwrap. If a word does not fit at the end of a line, what happens to that word?

It is automatically moved to the next line.

5. Understanding Inline Objects

What does inline object refer to?

A picture or object positioned directly in the text at the insertion point, just like a character in a sentence.

6.

Functions and Arguments

A function is a module of program code that takes input (arguments) and produces output (a return value).

• Arguments allow us to customize the operation performed by the function.
• The return value is often the result of executing the code.
• Calling a function causes the code in a function to execute. If called again, it will execute again.

To document a function, use a multi-line comment immediately after the def line.

Local Variables

Local variables are variables used inside functions.

• They are accessible/usable within that function only.
• This refers to the variable's scope.

Global Variables

Global variables are variables used outside of a function.

• Global variables' scope includes both inside and outside of functions.
• However, since

Stock Market Data Integration

Stock Data Table Headers

Alpha Vantage API Implementation

The following script utilizes jQuery AJAX to fetch real-time stock data for MSFT from the Alpha Vantage API.

function main() {
    $("#list").click(function() {
        $.ajax({
            type: "GET",
            url: "https://www.alphavantage.co/query?function=TIME_SERIES_INTRADAY&symbol=MSFT&interval=1min&apikey=demo",
            success: function (azul) {
                var roxo = azul["Time Series (1min)"];
                for (var verde in roxo) {
                    var vermelho = roxo[verde];
                    var str = "<tr><td>" + vermelho["1. open"] + "</td>"